Difference between revisions of "Respiratory state"
From Bioblast
Β |
|||
(35 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{MitoPedia | {{MitoPedia | ||
|description='''Respiratory states''' of mitochondrial preparations and | |description='''Respiratory states''' of [[mitochondrial preparations]] and [[living cells]] are defined in the current literature in many ways and with a diversity of terms. Mitochondrial respiratory states must be defined in terms of both, the [[coupling-control state]] and the [[electron-transfer-pathway state]]. | ||
|info=[[ | |info=[[Gnaiger 2020 MitoPathways]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
Communicated by [[Gnaiger E]] 2010-10-21, edited 2016-08-26. Edited by [[Doerrier Carolina|Doerrier C]] 2020-04-23. | |||
| | [[Image:P.jpg|right|link=OXPHOS capacity|OXPHOS]] [[Image:R.jpg|right|link=ROUTINE respiration|ROUTINE]] [[Image:E.jpg|right|link=ET capacity|ETS]] [[Image:L.jpg|right|link=LEAK respiration|LEAK]] [[Image:ROX.jpg|right|link=Residual oxygen consumption|ROX]] | ||
== Coupling control states == | |||
==Coupling control states== | Β | ||
::: Coupling control states and ''[[CCR]]'' of mitochondrial preparations: | |||
Β | |||
::::* [[OXPHOS]], [[LEAK respiration]], [[Electron transfer pathway|ET-pathway]] (''P, L, E'') - corrected for [[ROX]]. ''CCR'': ''[[L/E]]'', ''[[P/E]]'', ''[[L/P]]'' | |||
Coupling states | ::: Coupling control states of living cells: | ||
*[[ | ::::* [[ROUTINE]], [[LEAK respiration]], [[Electron transfer pathway|ET-pathway]] (''R, L, E'') - corrected for [[ROX]]. ''CCR'': ''[[L/E]]'', ''[[R/E]]'', ''[[L/R]]'' | ||
== Electron-transfer-pathway state == | |||
:::: Electron-transfer-pathway state, are defined by substrate type (at saturating concentration): | |||
::::* Living cells: endogenous, exogenous substrate control | |||
::::* Mitochondrial preparations: specific substrate-inhibitor combinations for selectively stimulating electron entry through Complex I ([[NADH pathway]]), CII ([[succinate pathway]]), or other branches converging at the [[Q-junction]], particularly with [[fatty acid oxidation]] ([[fatty acid oxidation pathway control state]]), alpha-[[glycerophosphate]], or substrate combinations applied for reconstitution of [[TCA cycle]] function (e.g. [[NS-pathway control state]], etc.). | |||
::: Control by substrate concentration: '''Kinetic control states''': | |||
* | ::::* Kinetic substrate or adenylate control: Kinetic studies with variation of a specific substrate (reduced substrate supplying electrons to the ETS; ADP, Pi; O<sub>2</sub>; cytochrome ''c'') are analyzed by kinetic functions (e.g. hyperbolic), yielding apparent kinetic constants, such as ''J''<sub>max</sub>, ''K''<sub>m</sub>', ''c''<sub>50</sub>, or ''p''<sub>50</sub>. | ||
::::* Kinetic inhibitor control: Kinetic studies with variation of a specific inhibitor yield apparent kinetic constants, such as the ''K''<sub>I</sub>'. | |||
== Classical respiratory states == | |||
::: Chance and Williams (1955): | |||
::::* [[State 1]], [[State 2]], [[State 3]], [[State 4]], [[State 5]]. ''CCR'': [[RCR]] | |||
::: Derived respiratory states: | |||
*[[State | ::::* [[State 3u]], [[State 4o]]. ''CCR'': [[UCR]] | ||
::: Thermodynamics of irreversible processes: | |||
*[[ | ::::* [[Static head]], [[Level flow]] | ||
== MitoPedia: Respiratory states == | |||
::::Β» See the complete '''[[MitoPedia: Respiratory states]]''' | |||
::::Β» [[MitoPedia: SUIT]] | |||
{{MitoPedia concepts | |||
|mitopedia concept=MiP concept, Respiratory state, SUIT concept, Recommended | |||
}} | |||
{{MitoPedia methods | |||
|mitopedia method=Respirometry, Spectrophotometry | |||
}} | |||
{{MitoPedia topics | |||
|mitopedia topic=EAGLE | |||
}} |
Latest revision as of 15:50, 15 August 2021
Description
Respiratory states of mitochondrial preparations and living cells are defined in the current literature in many ways and with a diversity of terms. Mitochondrial respiratory states must be defined in terms of both, the coupling-control state and the electron-transfer-pathway state.
Reference: Gnaiger 2020 MitoPathways
Communicated by Gnaiger E 2010-10-21, edited 2016-08-26. Edited by Doerrier C 2020-04-23.
Coupling control states
- Coupling control states and CCR of mitochondrial preparations:
- OXPHOS, LEAK respiration, ET-pathway (P, L, E) - corrected for ROX. CCR: L/E, P/E, L/P
- Coupling control states of living cells:
- ROUTINE, LEAK respiration, ET-pathway (R, L, E) - corrected for ROX. CCR: L/E, R/E, L/R
Electron-transfer-pathway state
- Electron-transfer-pathway state, are defined by substrate type (at saturating concentration):
- Living cells: endogenous, exogenous substrate control
- Mitochondrial preparations: specific substrate-inhibitor combinations for selectively stimulating electron entry through Complex I (NADH pathway), CII (succinate pathway), or other branches converging at the Q-junction, particularly with fatty acid oxidation (fatty acid oxidation pathway control state), alpha-glycerophosphate, or substrate combinations applied for reconstitution of TCA cycle function (e.g. NS-pathway control state, etc.).
- Control by substrate concentration: Kinetic control states:
- Kinetic substrate or adenylate control: Kinetic studies with variation of a specific substrate (reduced substrate supplying electrons to the ETS; ADP, Pi; O2; cytochrome c) are analyzed by kinetic functions (e.g. hyperbolic), yielding apparent kinetic constants, such as Jmax, Km', c50, or p50.
- Kinetic inhibitor control: Kinetic studies with variation of a specific inhibitor yield apparent kinetic constants, such as the KI'.
Classical respiratory states
- Chance and Williams (1955):
- Derived respiratory states:
- Thermodynamics of irreversible processes:
MitoPedia: Respiratory states
- Β» See the complete MitoPedia: Respiratory states
- Β» MitoPedia: SUIT
MitoPedia concepts:
MiP concept,
Respiratory state,
SUIT concept,
Recommended
MitoPedia methods:
Respirometry,
Spectrophotometry
MitoPedia topics:
EAGLE