Difference between revisions of "Respiratory state"
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{{MitoPedia | {{MitoPedia | ||
|description='''Respiratory states''' of [[mitochondrial preparations]] and [[living cells]] are defined in the current literature in many ways and with a diversity of terms. Mitochondrial respiratory states must be defined in terms of both, the [[coupling-control state]] and the [[electron-transfer-pathway state]]. | |||
|description='''Respiratory states''' of mitochondrial preparations and | |info=[[Gnaiger 2020 MitoPathways]] | ||
|info=[[Gnaiger | |||
}} | }} | ||
Communicated by [[Gnaiger E]] 2010-10-21, edited 2016-08-26. Edited by [[Doerrier Carolina|Doerrier C]] 2020-04-23. | |||
[[Image:P.jpg|right|link=OXPHOS capacity|OXPHOS]] [[Image:R.jpg|right|link=ROUTINE respiration|ROUTINE]] [[Image:E.jpg|right|link=ET capacity|ETS]] [[Image:L.jpg|right|link=LEAK respiration|LEAK]] [[Image:ROX.jpg|right|link=Residual oxygen consumption|ROX]] | |||
== Coupling control states == | == Coupling control states == | ||
Coupling states and ''[[CCR]]'' of mitochondrial preparations: | ::: Coupling control states and ''[[CCR]]'' of mitochondrial preparations: | ||
*[[OXPHOS]], [[LEAK]], [[ | ::::* [[OXPHOS]], [[LEAK respiration]], [[Electron transfer pathway|ET-pathway]] (''P, L, E'') - corrected for [[ROX]]. ''CCR'': ''[[L/E]]'', ''[[P/E]]'', ''[[L/P]]'' | ||
Coupling states of | ::: Coupling control states of living cells: | ||
*[[ROUTINE]], [[LEAK]], [[ | ::::* [[ROUTINE]], [[LEAK respiration]], [[Electron transfer pathway|ET-pathway]] (''R, L, E'') - corrected for [[ROX]]. ''CCR'': ''[[L/E]]'', ''[[R/E]]'', ''[[L/R]]'' | ||
== | == Electron-transfer-pathway state == | ||
:::: Electron-transfer-pathway state, are defined by substrate type (at saturating concentration): | |||
* | ::::* Living cells: endogenous, exogenous substrate control | ||
*Mitochondrial preparations: specific substrate-inhibitor combinations for selectively stimulating electron entry | ::::* Mitochondrial preparations: specific substrate-inhibitor combinations for selectively stimulating electron entry through Complex I ([[NADH pathway]]), CII ([[succinate pathway]]), or other branches converging at the [[Q-junction]], particularly with [[fatty acid oxidation]] ([[fatty acid oxidation pathway control state]]), alpha-[[glycerophosphate]], or substrate combinations applied for reconstitution of [[TCA cycle]] function (e.g. [[NS-pathway control state]], etc.). | ||
Control by substrate concentration: '''Kinetic control states''': | ::: Control by substrate concentration: '''Kinetic control states''': | ||
*Kinetic substrate or adenylate control: Kinetic studies with variation of a specific substrate (reduced substrate supplying electrons to the ETS; ADP, Pi; O<sub>2</sub>; cytochrome ''c'') are analyzed by kinetic functions (e.g. hyperbolic), yielding apparent kinetic constants, such as ''J''<sub>max</sub>, ''K''<sub>m</sub>', ''c''<sub>50</sub>, or ''p''<sub>50</sub>. | ::::* Kinetic substrate or adenylate control: Kinetic studies with variation of a specific substrate (reduced substrate supplying electrons to the ETS; ADP, Pi; O<sub>2</sub>; cytochrome ''c'') are analyzed by kinetic functions (e.g. hyperbolic), yielding apparent kinetic constants, such as ''J''<sub>max</sub>, ''K''<sub>m</sub>', ''c''<sub>50</sub>, or ''p''<sub>50</sub>. | ||
*Kinetic inhibitor control: Kinetic studies with variation of a specific inhibitor yield apparent kinetic constants, such as the ''K''<sub>I</sub>'. | ::::* Kinetic inhibitor control: Kinetic studies with variation of a specific inhibitor yield apparent kinetic constants, such as the ''K''<sub>I</sub>'. | ||
== Classical respiratory states == | == Classical respiratory states == | ||
Chance and Williams (1955): | ::: Chance and Williams (1955): | ||
*[[State 1]], [[State 2]], [[State 3]], [[State 4]], [[State 5]]. ''CCR'': [[RCR]] | ::::* [[State 1]], [[State 2]], [[State 3]], [[State 4]], [[State 5]]. ''CCR'': [[RCR]] | ||
Derived respiratory states: | ::: Derived respiratory states: | ||
*[[State 3u]], [[State 4o]]. ''CCR'': [[UCR]] | ::::* [[State 3u]], [[State 4o]]. ''CCR'': [[UCR]] | ||
Thermodynamics of irreversible processes: | ::: Thermodynamics of irreversible processes: | ||
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::::* [[Static head]], [[Level flow]] | |||
== MitoPedia: Respiratory states == | == MitoPedia: Respiratory states == | ||
::::Β» See the complete '''[[MitoPedia: Respiratory states]]''' | |||
::::Β» [[MitoPedia: SUIT]] | |||
Β | |||
{{MitoPedia concepts | |||
|mitopedia concept=MiP concept, Respiratory state, SUIT concept, Recommended | |||
}} | |||
{{MitoPedia methods | |||
|mitopedia method=Respirometry, Spectrophotometry | |||
}} | |||
{{MitoPedia topics | |||
|mitopedia topic=EAGLE | |||
}} |
Latest revision as of 15:50, 15 August 2021
Description
Respiratory states of mitochondrial preparations and living cells are defined in the current literature in many ways and with a diversity of terms. Mitochondrial respiratory states must be defined in terms of both, the coupling-control state and the electron-transfer-pathway state.
Reference: Gnaiger 2020 MitoPathways
Communicated by Gnaiger E 2010-10-21, edited 2016-08-26. Edited by Doerrier C 2020-04-23.
Coupling control states
- Coupling control states and CCR of mitochondrial preparations:
- OXPHOS, LEAK respiration, ET-pathway (P, L, E) - corrected for ROX. CCR: L/E, P/E, L/P
- Coupling control states of living cells:
- ROUTINE, LEAK respiration, ET-pathway (R, L, E) - corrected for ROX. CCR: L/E, R/E, L/R
Electron-transfer-pathway state
- Electron-transfer-pathway state, are defined by substrate type (at saturating concentration):
- Living cells: endogenous, exogenous substrate control
- Mitochondrial preparations: specific substrate-inhibitor combinations for selectively stimulating electron entry through Complex I (NADH pathway), CII (succinate pathway), or other branches converging at the Q-junction, particularly with fatty acid oxidation (fatty acid oxidation pathway control state), alpha-glycerophosphate, or substrate combinations applied for reconstitution of TCA cycle function (e.g. NS-pathway control state, etc.).
- Control by substrate concentration: Kinetic control states:
- Kinetic substrate or adenylate control: Kinetic studies with variation of a specific substrate (reduced substrate supplying electrons to the ETS; ADP, Pi; O2; cytochrome c) are analyzed by kinetic functions (e.g. hyperbolic), yielding apparent kinetic constants, such as Jmax, Km', c50, or p50.
- Kinetic inhibitor control: Kinetic studies with variation of a specific inhibitor yield apparent kinetic constants, such as the KI'.
Classical respiratory states
- Chance and Williams (1955):
- Derived respiratory states:
- Thermodynamics of irreversible processes:
MitoPedia: Respiratory states
- Β» See the complete MitoPedia: Respiratory states
- Β» MitoPedia: SUIT
MitoPedia concepts:
MiP concept,
Respiratory state,
SUIT concept,
Recommended
MitoPedia methods:
Respirometry,
Spectrophotometry
MitoPedia topics:
EAGLE