MitoPedia: Oroboros Open Support

Frequently Asked Questions and Keywords (alphabetical)

Term	Abbreviation	Description
About DatLab		About DatLab contains general information about DatLab 8, including the current version number and used licenses.
Add Graph/Delete bottom graph		Add: A new graph is added at the bottom of the screen. Select plots for display in the new graph, Ctrl+F6. Delete: By clicking Delete bottom graph in the Graph-menu in DatLab, the bottom graph is deleted, which reappears with the same layout by Add.
Amp calibration - DatLab	F5	Amp calibration indicates the calibration of the amperometric O2k-channel.
Amperometric,Amp	F7	After selection of the Amperometric, Amp channel in the O2k configuration, an Amperometric, Amp tab will appear in the O2k control [F7] window. Set the desired light intensity (0-1600) in the field ´Fluo intensity´ and the desired amplification of the signal (1-1000) in the field ´Gain for Fluo sensor´in the Amperometric, Amp window followed by a left-click Send to O2k. Switching off the illumination before each fluorometric measurement is routinely required.
Attached cells		Many cell types are grown in culture as attached cells, such as endothelial or neuronal cells in a monolayer.
Automatic pan - DatLab		Automatic pan (only for real-time data recording) toggles automatic panning on/off by clicking in the O2k status line. If it is on (green), the time range is maintained while the time axis always shows the currently recorded data, i.e. the value of the offset (minimum value) increases as experimental time proceeds. If it is off (yellow), the time axis is static. This allows for manually panning backwards to observe previous sections of the experiment at a given time range. In this mode, the actual experimental time may be off-scale. Toggle between "Pan auto" and "Pan off" by a left-click on the text. It does not influence continuous data recording. It is recommended to maintain automatic panning on during the experiment, except for specifically viewing earlier sections of the experiment.
Autoscale		Autoscale zooms in or out of the selected period with Autoscale time axis, Autoscale Y1 (Y2) axes and Automatic pan.
Autoscale Y1 (Y2) axes		Autoscale Y1 (Y2) axes: Autoscaling the measured values (full data range) on the Y1 (Y2) axis in the selected plot.
Autoscale time axis		Autoscale time axis gives an overview of the entire experimental period.
Block temperature		The block temperature of the Oroboros is the continuously measured temperature of the copper block, housing the two glass chambers of the Oroboros. The block temperature is recorded by DatLab as one of the Oroboros channels.
Calcium	Ca	Ca²⁺ is a major signaling molecule in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Its cytoplasmic concentration is tightly regulated by transporters in the plasma membrane and in the membranes of various organelles. For this purpose, it is either extruded from the cell through exchangers and pumps or stored in organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum and the mitochondria. Changes in the concentration of the cation regulate numerous enzymes including many involved in ATP utilizing and in ATP generating pathways and thus ultimately control metabolic activity of mitochondria and of the entire cell. Measuring changes in Ca²⁺ levels is thus of considerable interest in the context of high-resolution respirometry.
Calibration - DatLab	F5	DatLab 8: Open the Calibration window to perform the calibration of different channels available for the current file. Specific channels are represented as tabs on the left side. Select the channels and chambers to be calibrated. The ‘Calibration’ window will open according to the selected plot and chamber. DatLab 7 : O₂ calibration, Amp calibration, pX calibration
Chamber-Holder		The Chamber-Holder of the Oroboros holds the Oroboros chamber in a tight vertical position with pressure exerted on the cV O-ring (18x2 mm) or sV O-ring (16x2 mm). The V-ring prevents liquid to flow from the stainless steel housing into the space outside of the chamber.
Check for updates - DatLab		Check for updates: Frequently check for updated DatLab 8 versions and follow the simple installation instruction if your computer running DatLab (Linux or Windows) is connected to internet. Alternatively, use a different computer connected to internet, download the update for Linux, and transfer it to the computer operating DatLab by USB (e.g. the O2k integrated PC). More information: Oroboros Marketplace - DatLab
Close and delete file - DatLab		Close and delete a file.
Close file - DatLab		Close a DatLab file.
Closed chamber	C	The Oroboros chamber can be used as a closed system or open system. Gas bubbles must be avoided.
Connect - DatLab		DatLab 8: Connect DatLab to the Oroboros. DatLab 7 : Connect to O2k
Connect to O2k - DatLab 7		Connect to O2k connects DatLab with the O2k. Select the USB port (or Serial port) with the corresponding cable connecting your PC to the O2k. Select the subdirectory for saving the DLD file. Then data recording starts with experimental time set at zero.
Connection window		After starting DatLab either the Connection window opens automatically by default or open Control by pressing [F7] and select the communication port.
Control - DatLab	F7	DatLab 8: Change settings of the connected Oroboros and current measurement. DatLab 7 : to modify instrumental settings of specific channels: O2k configuration.
Control bar - DatLab		DatLab 8: Displays and allows controlling the current measurement settings, including block temperature, illumination, stirrers and TIP2k. DatLab : Control - DatLab, Status line
Copy marks - DatLab		Copy marks from a Plot to the other.
Copy to clipboard		In DatLab Copy to clipboard can be used to copy selected graphs or values and to paste them to your preferred program or file (e.g. Word, Excel).
Cover-Slip\black		A Cover-Slip should be placed on top of the Oroboros Stopper to minimize contamination and evaporation of liquid extruding from the capillary of the stopper. The Cover-Slips do not exert any direct effect on oxygen backdiffusion into the Oroboros Chamber. Use the the Cover-Slip\black to avoid light penetration and disturbance of fluorescence signals and generally for optical measurements in the Oroboros.
Custom label		A Custom label can be entered in this box to rename the axis label. Two lines are available for the axis name and unit.
Custom-made stoppers		Stoppers can be custom-made for applications with user-specific sensors according to customer specifications.
Cyclic voltammetry - DatLab		Cyclic voltammetry
DL8-Protocol		DatLab 8: A DL8-Protocol (dlp8) defines the sequence of Events and Marks and can be assigned to O2k-chamber A or B, or both. DatLab 7: DL-Protocol
DatLab		DatLab is the Oroboros Software for Data Acquisition & Analysis, specifically developed for high-resolution respirometry. The Oroboros NextGen-O2k and the Oroboros O2k (O2k-Series J and higher, optionally available without integrated PC) are delivered with DatLab 8 installed on the integrated PC (Linux). DatLab 8 is included in all Oroboros Packages. The newest DatLab version is DatLab 8.2, compatible with all NextGen-O2k-Series and O2k-Series E or higher.
DatLab 2	DL2	DatLab 2 (DL2) is a MS-DOS programe. DL2 is still used for analysis of oxygen kinetics, after exporting files recorded in recent DatLab versions. A user-friendly O2-kinetics module is in preparation (DL8).
DatLab 7
DatLab data file	dld8, DLD	DatLab 8: The file type generated is .dld8. DatLab 7: The file type generated is .DLD.
DatLab error messages		Common DatLab error messages and according actions and solutions are listed here.
DatLab installation		We recommend a 'clean install' for DatLab installation: rename your previous DatLab programme subdirectory (e.g. C:\DatLab_OLD). The standard Instrumental and SUIT DL-Protocols package is automatically implemented with the simple DatLab programme installation.
DatLab oxygen flux: performance and data analysis		The quality of the results are strongly affected by the performance and data analysis. Therefore, we provide guidelines for performing and evaluating respirometric assays.
DatLab templates		DatLab templates can be imported for O2k-setups, graph layouts, mark names, TIP2k setups and marks statistics configurations. See also » Manage setups and templates
DatLab-Analysis templates		Go in DatLab to Mark statistics (F2), select which type of marks you want to export ("All marks in plot" or "DL-Protocol marks", with 3 possibilities each), then click on [Copy to clipboard] to copy selected values and paste them to a DatLab-Analysis template for numerical and graphical data analysis.
DatLab-Upgrading\4.x-5.2		DatLab-Upgrading\4.1-5.2: Upgrading DatLab 4.x to 5.2, incl. O2k-Manual, with free follow-up updates of DatLab 5.2. Discontinued: see higher DatLab version.
Data labels and units	Ctrl+D	DatLab 8: Display and edit default data labels and units for different channels. DatLab 7 : O2k channel labels.
Data recording interval	F7	The data recording interval is the time interval at which data is sampled with an instrument. In DatLab the data recording interval is set in the Control window. The system default value is 2 s. A lower data recording interval is selected for kinetic experiments, and when the volume-specific oxygen flux is high (>300 pmol O₂·s^-1·ml^-1). Technically, the O2k instrument (hardware) measures the sensor signal every 10ms (which is NOT the „data recording interval“). By the given data recording interval from DatLab (software) a discrete number of sensor signal points are taken to calculate an average value in the O2k (e.g. a data recording interval of 2 s can take 200 sensor signal points; a data recording interval of 0.5 s can take 50 sensor signal points). This average value is sent to DatLab and is recorded as a raw data point. However, there is a defined threshold: the O2k does not apply more than 200 sensor signal points to calculate the average for the raw data point. For example a data recording interval of 3 s could take 300 sensor signal points but only the 200 most recent sensor signal points are used for averaging.
Default label		The Default label is the system default value for the axis label. These labels are changed automatically, according to the selected channel and unit. To change this label enter a Custom label.
Delete all marks of active plot - DatLab		Delete all Marks from the active plot.
Delete points		Select Delete points in the Mark information window to remove all data points in the marked section of the active plot. See also Interpolate points and Restore points or Recalculate slope.
Deselect channels	F7	Channels can be selected/deselected in DatLab in the O2k configuration. Deselect all MultiSensor channels in Oroboros Core applications. Select only the specifically used channels in Oroboros MultiSensor applications.
Different O2 fluxes in left and right chamber		What are potential causes for different O₂ fluxes in the left and right chamber?
Disconnect - DatLab	Ctrl+Shift+D	Disconnect DatLab 8 from the O2k. This option is not available while recording a measurement (Stop measurement first). DatLab 7 : Save and Disconnect
Display DatLab help		Display DatLab help In this section, we present some issues that could happen during your data analysis related to the graphs display and how to fix them quickly.
Display Power-O2k - DatLab 7		The Power-O2k number, which is set in the pull-down menu Oroboros O2k \ O2k configuration, is shown in the active graph. To show it in graphs copied to clipboard, the option "Show Oroboros icon in clipboard files" must be enabled in the Graph-menu Graph options - DatLab.
Display numerical value		If Display numerical value the current numerical values are displayed in the graph for the active plots on the Y1 axis and Y2 axis (during data acquisition only).
Dissection Set		The Oroboros Dissection Set: for tissue preparation, set of 4 pairs of stainless steel, antimagnetic forceps and a pair of scissors.
Dithionite	Dit Dit - (The abbreviation 'Dith' has been used previously and is stepwise replaced by Dit.)	The sodium salt of Dithionite Na₂S₂O₄ (Dit) is the 'zero oxygen solution powder' used for calibration of oxygen sensors at zero oxygen concentration, or for stepwise reduction of oxygen concentrations in instrumental O₂ background tests. It is not recommended to use dithionite in experiments with biological samples or several multisensor approaches, for these see Setting the oxygen concentration.
Electrolyte\Reference-Electrode		Electrolyte\Reference-Electrode for Reference-Electrode\2.4 mm
Enable DL-Protocol editing		Enable DL-Protocol editing is a novel function of DatLab 7.4 offering a new feature in DL-Protocols: flexibility. Fixed sequences of events and marks can be changed (Skip/Added) in a SUIT protocol by the user. Moreover, the text, instructions, concentrations and titration volumes of injections in a specific DL-Protocol can be edited and saved as user-specific DL-Protocol [File]\Export\DL-Protocol User (.DLPU). To enable it, under the 'Protocols' tab in the menu, select the option 'Enable DL-Protocol editing', and then select the plot in which the marks will be set (e.g.,* O2 flux per V). Select the 'Overview' window, where you will be able to edit events and marks names, definition/state, final concentration and titration volumes, as well as select a mark as 'multi' for multiple titration steps, skip a mark, or add a new event or mark. After saving, export a DL-Protocol User (DLPU) and load it before running the next experiments. If users of DatLab versions older than DatLab 7.4 wish to alter the nature of the chemicals used or the sequence of injections, we ask them to contact the O2k-Technical Support. For more information: Export DL-Protocol User (*.DLPU)
Events - DatLab		DatLab 8: An event is added to represent any action at a defined point in time. DatLab 7: Events - DatLab 7
Exit - DatLab 7	Ctrl+F4	Close DatLab files and quit the program.
Experimental code	F3	An experimental code can be entered in the Sample window, containing up to 10 digits.
Experimental log - DatLab	Ctrl+F3	Experimental log provides detailed information about the experimental run.
Export DL-Protocol User (*.DLPU)		it is a function of DatLab (available from version 7.4 onwards) that enables the export of user specific protocols (DL-Protocol User) to the SUIT protocol folder from which they can be uploaded for subsequent measurements.
Export as CSV - DatLab	Ctrl+E	Export as CSV (*.csv) exports plots and events to a text file for further use in Excel and other programs compatible with .csv extension.
Fatty acid oxidation	FAO	Fatty acid oxidation is a multi-step process by which fatty acids are broken down in β-oxidation to generate acetyl-CoA, NADH and FADH₂ for further electron transfer to CoQ. Whereas NADH is the substrate of CI, FADH₂ is the substrate of electron-transferring flavoprotein complex (CETF) which is localized on the matrix face of the mtIM, and supplies electrons from FADH₂ to CoQ. Before the ß-oxidation in the mitochondrial matrix, fatty acids (short-chain with 1-6, medium-chain with 7–12, long-chain with >12 carbon atoms) are activated by fatty acyl-CoA synthases (thiokinases) in the cytosol. For the mitochondrial transport of long-chain fatty acids the mtOM-enzyme carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT-1; considered as a rate-limiting step in FAO) is required which generates an acyl-carnitine intermediate from acyl-CoA and carnitine. In the next step, an integral mtIM protein carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase (CACT) catalyzes the entrance of acyl-carnitines into the mitochondrial matrix in exchange for free carnitines. In the inner side of the mtIM, another enzyme carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT-2) converts the acyl-carnitines to carnitine and acyl-CoAs, which undergo ß-oxidation in the mitochondrial matrix. Short- and medium-chain fatty acids do not require the carnitine shuttle for mitochondrial transport. Octanoate, but not palmitate, (eight- and 16-carbon saturated fatty acids) may pass the mt-membranes, but both are frequently supplied to mt-preparations in the activated form of octanoylcarnitine or palmitoylcarnitine.
File search - DatLab	Ctrl+F	File search yields a list of all files labelled by the experimental code in a selected directory . Click on the file to preview the experimental log. With File Search you can search in all folders and subfolders on your computer for DatLab files with a selected experimental code. The experimental code is entered in the DatLab file in the window "Experiment" ([F3]). When you click on a folder and press the button search, the DatLab file names will appear on the right window. Click on a DatLab file and further information (e.g. Sample information, Background information) will appear in the window below.
Filter Set AmR		Filter Set AmR: Set of filters for the determination of H₂O₂ production with Amplex UltraRed. These filters should be used together with Fluorescence-Sensor Green. The filter set consists of 6 LED filters (round) and 6 photodiode filters (rectangular).
Filter Set MgG / CaG		Filter set MgG / CaG: Set of filters for the determination of concentraions of Mg2+ or Ca2+ with the fluorophores Magnesium green and Calcium green, respectively. These filters should be used together with Fluorescence-Sensor Blue or Smart Fluo-Sensor Blue. The filter set consists of 6 LED filters (round) and 6 photodiode filters (rectangular).
Filter Set Saf		Filter set Saf: Set of filters for the (qualitative) determination of mitochondrial membrane potential with Safranin. These filters should be used together with Fluorescence-Sensor Blue or Smart Fluo-Sensor Blue. The filter set consists of 6 LED filters (round) and 6 photodiode filters (rectangular).
Filter-Cap		Filter-Cap: O2k-Fluo LED2-Module (O2k-Series D to G) sensors (Fluorescence-Sensor Green and Fluorescence-Sensor Blue) and Oroboros FluoRespirometer (O2k-Series H to I) sensors (Smart Fluo-Sensor Green and Smart Fluo-Sensor Blue) are equipped with a removable Filter-Cap for exchange of optical filters for the optical pathways from the LED to the sample and from the sample to the photodiode.
Fluo LED2-Module		The Fluo LED2-Module is a component of the Oroboros FluoRespirometer (O2k-Series D to G). It is an amperometric add-on module to O2k-Series D to G, adding a new dimension to high-resolution respirometry. Optical sensors are inserted through the front window of the Oroboros glass chambers, for measurement of hydrogen peroxide production (Amplex® UltraRed), ATP production (Magnesium Green™), mt-membrane potential (Safranin, TMRM, Rhodamine 123), Ca²⁺ (Calcium Green™), and numerous other applications open for Oroboros user innovation.
Fluo Smart-Module		The Oroboros Fluo Smart-Module is an amperometric add-on module to the Oroboros, adding a new dimension to high-resolution respirometry. Optical sensors are inserted through the front window of the Oroboros glass chambers, for measurement of hydrogen peroxide production (Amplex® UltraRed), ATP production (Magnesium Green™), mt-membrane potential (Safranin, TMRM), Ca²⁺ (Calcium Green™), and numerous other applications open for Oroboros user innovation. » MiPNet28.09 Fluo Smart-Module manual
Fluo calibration - DatLab
Fluorescence-Control Unit		Fluorescence-Control Unit with O2k-Front Fixation, Current-Control (O2k-Chamber A and B) for regulation of light intensity of the LED in the fluorescence sensors. This item is a standard component of the Fluo LED2-Module.
Fluorescence-Sensor Blue		Fluorescence-Sensor Blue: excitation LED 465 nm (dominant wavelength), photodiode, Filter-Cap equipped with Filter Set Saf for measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential with Safranin when delivered. The filter set Filter Set MgG / CaG for Magnesium green® / Calcium green® measurements is included.
Fluorescence-Sensor Green		Fluorescence-Sensor Green: excitation LED 525 nm (dominant wavelength), photodiode, Filter-Cap equipped with Filter Set AmR for Amplex UltraRed measurements when delivered.
Flux / Slope	CTRL+F5	DatLab 8: Flux / Slope is the time derivative of the signal. The Flux / Slope window includes (1) slope smoothing, (2) stoichiometric normalization using a stoichiometric coefficient , (3) application of titration volume correction, (4) flux baseline correction and (5) Flux control ratio (FCR). O₂ background correction can be performed in a separate window. DatLab 7: Flux/Slope
Flux analysis - DatLab		The strategy of Flux analysis using DatLab depends on the research question and the corresponding settings applied in DatLab when recording the data with the O2k. Usng SUIT protocols, a sequence of respiratory steady-states is measured, marks are set, and numerical data are summarized in Mark statistics (F2). An AI approach is kept in mind when describing guidelines for evaluation of steady-states during data recording and analysis.
Flux baseline correction	bc	Flux baseline correction provides the option to display the plot and all values of the flux (or flow, or flux control ratio) as the total flux, J, minus a baseline flux, J₀. J_V(bc) = J_V - J_V₀ J_V = (dc/dt) · ν^-1 · SF - J°_V For the oxygen channel, J_V is O2 flux per volume [pmol/(s·ml)] (or volume-specific O₂ flux), c is the oxygen concentration [nmol/ml = µmol/l = µM], dc/dt is the (positive) slope of oxygen concentration over time [nmol/(s · ml)], ν^-1 = -1 is the stoichiometric coefficient for the reaction of oxygen consumption (oxygen is removed in the chemical reaction, thus the stoichiometric coefficient is negative, expressing oxygen flux as the negative slope), SF=1,000 is the scaling factor (converting units for the amount of oxygen from nmol to pmol), and J°_V is the volume-specific background oxygen flux (Instrumental background oxygen flux). Further details: Flux / Slope.
Flux control ratio	FCR	Flux control ratios FCRs are ratios of oxygen flux in different respiratory control states, normalized for maximum flux in a common reference state, to obtain theoretical lower and upper limits of 0.0 and 1.0 (0 % and 100 %). For a given protocol or set of respiratory protocols, flux control ratios provide a fingerprint of coupling and substrate control independent of (1) mt-content in cells or tissues, (2) purification in preparations of isolated mitochondria, and (3) assay conditions for determination of tissue mass or mt-markers external to a respiratory protocol (CS, protein, stereology, etc.). FCR obtained from a single respirometric incubation with sequential titrations (sequential protocol; SUIT protocol) provide an internal normalization, expressing respiratory control independent of mitochondrial content and thus independent of a marker for mitochondrial amount. FCR obtained from separate (parallel) protocols depend on equal distribution of subsamples obtained from a homogenous mt-preparation or determination of a common mitochondrial marker.
Forceps for membrane application		Forceps for membrane application: for OroboPOS and ISE membrane application; do not use for tissue preparation.
Forceps\stainless Steel\angular Tip\fine		Forceps\stainless Steel\angular Tip\fine: for tissue preparation, stainless steel. Two pairs are used particularly for muscle fiber separation.
Forceps\stainless Steel\rounded Tip\sharp		Forceps\stainless Steel\rounded Tip\sharp: for tissue preparation, stainless steel, antimagnetic. One pair is recommended for placing the tissue sample onto the microbalance and for handling in combination with Forceps\stainless Steel\straight Tip\sharp.
Forceps\stainless Steel\straight Tip\sharp		Forceps\stainless Steel\straight Tip\sharp: for tissue preparation, stainless steel, antimagnetic. One pair is recommended for insertion of the sample into the Oroboros Chamber and for handling in combination with Forceps\stainless Steel\rounded Tip\sharp.
Full screen		By clicking/enabling Full screen in the Graph-menu in DatLab the currently selected graph is shown alone on the full screen (On) or together with the other defined graphs (Off). Full screen is particularly useful for a single channel overview and for Copy to clipboard [ALT+G B].
Gain		The gain is an amplification factor applied to an input signal to increase the output signal.
Getting started - DatLab		Users have to enter their user details the first time they use DatLab 8 on a specific computer. As well, entering some basic settings is required when connecting DatLab 8 with an O2k for the first time.
Graph - DatLab		A graph displays traces from data recorded during the measurement.
Graph control - DatLab		A combination of mouse and keyboard commands provides convenient control of graphs in DatLab 8.
Graph layout - DatLab		» See Layout for DatLab graphs.
Graph options - DatLab		DatLab 8: The ‘Graph options’ window allows modifying graphs, scaling, plots and advanced features. DatLab 7: Graph options, Add Graph/Delete bottom graph, Select plots, Scaling, Copy to clipboard
Graph options - DatLab 7		Several display options can be applied to a DatLab graph under Graph options.
Hide/Show points - DatLab	Ctrl+H	DatLab 8: The option hide/show points allows to create a type of mark to hide/show a section of data points in any of the plots. DatLab 7 : Delete/Interpolate/Restore points
High signal at zero oxygen		A high signal at zero oxygen may be observed during zero O2 calibration (R0). First, check the quality of the dithionite solution. The following instructions show how to distinguish between a defective sensor head and an electrical leak current.
Home screen - DatLab		Screen displayed after selecting the DatLab user. Allows the user to start a new measurement, open a file or open the DatLab guide
Hydrogen peroxide	H₂O₂	Hydrogen peroxide, H₂O₂ or dihydrogen dioxide, is one of several reactive oxygen intermediates generally referred to as reactive oxygen species (ROS). It is formed in various enzyme-catalyzed reactions (e.g., superoxide dismutase) with the potential to damage cellular molecules and structures. H₂O₂ is dismutated by catalase to water and oxygen. H₂O₂ is produced as a signaling molecule in aerobic metabolism and passes membranes more easily compared to other ROS.
Hydrogenion flux	J_H+	Volume-specific hydrogenion flux or H⁺ flux is measured in a closed system as the time derivative of H⁺ concentration, expressed in units [pmol·s^-1·mL^-1]. H⁺ flux can be measured in an open system at steady state, when any acidification of the medium is compensated by external supply of an equivalent amount of base. The extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) is the change of pH in the incubation medium over time, which is zero at steady state. Volume-specific H⁺ flux is comparable to volume-specific oxygen flux [pmol·s^-1·mL^-1], which is the (negative) time derivative of oxygen concentration measured in a closed system, corrected for instrumental and chemical background.pH is the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion activity. Therefore, ECAR is of interest in relation to acidification issues in the incubation buffer or culture medium. The physiologically relevant metabolic H⁺ flux, however, must not be confused with ECAR.
ISE Package 1 TPP or Ca		O2k-TPP+ and Ca2+ ISE\1 Chamber: ISE-Package for 1 TPP+ and Ca2+ electrode.
ISE-Ca2+ Membranes		ISE-Ca2+ Membranes: PVC, 4 mm diameter, box of 5 membranes. To be used with the TPP ISE-Module.
ISE-Compressible Tube		ISE-Compressible Tube for Ion-Selective Electrode TPP+ and Ca2+.
ISE-Filling Syringe		ISE-Filling Syringe with needle for Ion-Selective Electrode TPP+ and Ca2+.
ISE-Inner Glass Electrode		ISE-Inner Glass Electrode of ISE, with Ag/AgCl- and Pt-wire
ISE-Membrane Mounting Tool		ISE-Membrane Mounting Tool for Ion-Selective Electrode TPP+ and Ca2+. TPP ISE-Module: mounting tool included.
ISE-Membrane Seal		ISE-Membrane Seal for Ion-Selective Electrode TPP+ and Ca2+.
ISE-TPP+ Membranes		ISE-TPP+ Membranes, PVC, 4 mm diameter, box of 5 membranes.
ISS-Filter and Tubing		ISS-Filter and Tubing, ISS-Integrated Suction System.
ISS-Integrated Suction System		ISS-Integrated Suction System: Suction pump with stainless steel housing, 2 liter waste bottle, filter and tubing; for siphoning off excess medium from the Oroboros Stopper and for emptying the Oroboros Chambers. The ISS is included as a standard component of the Oroboros. Media containing living cells or microorganisms, various poisons (inhibitors, uncouplers) and mixtures of proteins and substrates are safely disposed off in the 2-litre waste bottle.
ISS-Lid		ISS-Lid, for ISS-Waste Bottle, component of the ISS-Integrated Suction System.
ISS-Steel Housing		ISS-Steel Housing, a component of the ISS-Integrated Suction System.
ISS-Waste Bottle		ISS-Waste Bottle, 2-liter, component of the ISS-Integrated Suction System.
Illumination	F10	The chambers of the Oroboros O2k are illuminated by an internal LED. The illumination is switched on and off in DatLab during the experiment by pressing [F10]. This illumination must be distinguished from light introduced into the chambers by LEDs for the purpose of spectrophotometric and fluorometric measurements. For these, the internal illumination must be switched off.
Illumination on/off	F10	The illumination in both chambers is switched on/off.
Install Oroboros protocol package		The standard Instrumental and SUIT DL-Protocols package is automatically implemented with the simple DatLab programme installation. We recommend a 'clean install': rename your previous DatLab programme subdirectory (e.g. C:\DatLab_OLD). Updates and newly developed DL protocols can be simply downloaded by clicking on [Protocols]\Install Oroboros protocol package.
Installation and startup support session self-study material
Instrumental: Browse DL-Protocols		DatLab 8: Open a folder with the library of the instrumental protocols, templates and traces provided with DatLab 8. DatLab 7 : Instrumental: Browse DL-Protocols and templates
Instrumental: Browse DL-Protocols and templates - DatLab 7		Instrumental DL-Protocols (DLP) including DatLab example traces, instructions, brief explanatory texts, links to relevant pages and templates for data evaluation can be browsed from inside DatLab 7.4. Click on menu [Protocols]\Instrumental: Browse DL-Protocols and templates to open a folder with all the DL-Protocols and templates for cleaning, calibration, and background determination provided with the DatLab 7.4. Select a sub-directory and open an DL-Protocol and/or template as desired.
Interpolate points		Select Interpolate points in the Mark information window to interpolate all data points in the marked section of the active graph. See also Delete points and Restore points or Recalculate slope.
Ion-Selective Electrode TPP+ and Ca2+		Ion-Selective Electrode TPP+ and Ca2+: ISE with 6 mm outer diameter shaft, for Stopper\white PVDF\angular Shaft\side+6.2+2.6 mm Port. TPP ISE-Module: 2 ISE.
Keyboard shortcuts - DatLab		DatLab provides several keyboard shortcuts to allow for quick access to many functions and settings without using a mouse.
Laboratory titration sheet		Laboratory titration sheet contains the sequential titrations in a specific Substrate-uncoupler-inhibitor titration (SUIT) protocol. The laboratory titration sheets for different SUIT protocols are incorporated in DatLab (DL7.1): Protocols in DatLab
Layout - DatLab		DatLab 8: Graph layouts are selected for standardized display of graphs, plots and scaling of axes. When using DL8-Protocols (.dlp8) the recommended initial layout is already loaded according to the specific DL8-Protocol. Layouts can be further selected, modified and managed through the top menu Layout. DatLab 7: Layout - DatLab 7
Layout - DatLab 7		A Layout in DatLab selected in the Layout menu yields a standardized display of graphs and plots displayed with specific scalings. The graph layout defines initial settings, which can be modified for plots [Ctrl+F6] and scaling [F6]. A modified layout can be saved as user layout without changing the standard layouts.
Living cells	ce	Cell viability in living cells should be >95 % for various experimental investigations, including cell respirometry. Viable cells (vce) are characterized by an intact plasma membrane barrier function. The total cell count (N_ce) is the sum of viable cells (N_vce) and dead cells (N_dce). In contrast, the plasma membrane can be permeabilized selectively by mild detergents (digitonin), to obtain the mt-preparation of permeabilized cells used for OXPHOS analysis. Living cells are frequently labelled as intact cells in the sense of the total cell count, but intact may suggest dual meanings of viable or unaffected by a disease or mitochondrial injury.
Main screen - DatLab		Once a measurement is started or a recorded file is opened, the main screen will be displayed, showing graphs, protocols and measurement status.
Manage setups and templates - DatLab		Setups and templates in DatLab can be renamed or deleted under Manage setups or Manage templates.
Mark information	Marks	» See Marks - DatLab
Mark specifications - DatLab		The function Mark specifications is largely replaced by SUIT DL-Protocols and Instrumental DL-Protocols in DatLab 7.4. Mark specifications allow the user to rename Marks in the active plot and save/recall the settings. Rename marks individually by clicking into the horizontal bar, or use corresponding templates for renaming the entire sequence of marks.
Mark statistics - DatLab	F2	DatLab 8: displays the statistical values (e.g. medians) for the marks set on the plots and allows copying and exporting them for data analysis. As default, the window opens and shows the information according to the current active plot and chamber selected. DatLab 7: Mark statistics
Mark statistics - DatLab 7	F2	In Mark statistics one Plot is selected as a source for Marks over sections of time. Values (e.g. medians) are displayed for these time sections of the source plot and of all selected plots.
Marks - DatLab		DatLab 8: Marks define sections of a plot set by the user for calibrations, analysis, or to delete marked data points. DatLab 7: Marks - DatLab 7
MiR05-Kit		Mitochondrial Respiration Medium - MiR05-Kit, 1 vial; for a final volume of 250 mL
Microbalance 120 g		Microbalance max 120 g; 0.01 mg display; particularly for wet weight determination of permeabilized fibres.
Microbalance-Transport Case		Microbalance transport case, not suitable for shipping
Microsyringe\10 mm3 51/0.13 mm		Hamilton Microsyringe\10 mm³ 51/0.13 mm for manual titrations, 10 mm³ volume; fixed injection needle with rounded tip: 51 mm length, 0.13 mm inner diameter.
Microsyringe\100 mm3 51/0.41 mm		Hamilton Microsyringe\100 mm³ 51/0.41 mm for manual titrations, 100 mm³ volume; fixed needle with rounded tip: 51 mm length, 0.41 mm inner diameter. It is recommended for injections of suspensions of isolated mitochondria.
Microsyringe\200 mm3\TIP2k		Microsyringe\200 mm3\TIP2k: Microinjection syringe for Titration-Injection microPump, 200 mm³ (µl), fixed injection needle with rounded tip, with spacers.
Microsyringe\25 mm3 51/0.15 mm		Hamilton Microsyringe\25 mm³ 51/0.15 mm for manual titrations, 25 mm³ volume; fixed needle with rounded tip: 51 mm length, 0.15 mm inner diameter.
Microsyringe\50 mm3 51/0.15 mm		Hamilton Microsyringe\50 mm³ 51/0.15 mm for manual titrations, 50 mm³ volume; fixed needle with rounded tip: 51 mm length, 0.15 mm inner diameter.
Microsyringe\500 mm3\TIP2k		Microsyringe\500 mm3\TIP2k: Microinjection syringe for Titration-Injection microPump, 500 mm³ (µl), fixed injection needle with rounded tip, with spacers.
MitoKit-CII		Cell permeable prodrugs, composed of MitoKit-CII/Succinate-nv and MitoKit-CII/Malonate-nv, stimulates (Snv) or inhibits (Mnanv) mitochondrial respiration in CI-deficient human blood cells, fibroblasts and heart fibres, acting on Complex II of the electron transfer system.
Mitochondrial membrane potential	mtMP, ΔΨ_p⁺, Δ_elF_ep⁺ [V]	The mitochondrial membrane potential difference, mtMP or ΔΨ_p⁺ = Δ_elF_ep⁺, is the electric part of the protonmotive force, Δp = Δ_mF_eH⁺. Δ_elF_ep⁺ = Δ_mF_eH⁺ - Δ_dF_eH⁺ ΔΨ_p⁺ = Δp - Δµ_H+·(z_H⁺·F)^-1 ΔΨ_p⁺ is the potential difference across the mitochondrial inner membrane (mtIM), expressed in the electric unit of volt [V]. Electric force of the mitochondrial membrane potential is the electric energy change per ‘motive’ charge or per charge moved across the transmembrane potential difference, with the number of ‘motive’ charges expressed in the unit coulomb [C].
Motic Microscope		Motic Microscope SMZ-171 TLED: for preparation of permeabilized fibres; compact and light stereo microscope, Greenough optical system, switching power supply for use worldwide (100-240V); including auxiliary ESD objective 2.0X(38.6mm).
Mouse control: Mark	Ctrl+M	The mark mode is active by default, can be selected in the menu or by [Ctrl+M]. If Mouse control: Mark is enabled, specific sections of the experiment can be marked in each plot. Usually, marks are set on the plot for oxygen concentration for calibration, whereas marks on the plot for oxygen flux are set for exporting the median or average of flux to a table. »More details: Marks - DatLab.
Mouse control: Zoom	Ctrl+Z	Select Mouse Control: Zoom in the Graph-menu or press [Ctrl+Z].
MultiSensor-Connector		MultiSensor-Connector: for separate reference electrode and ISE; only for O2k-Series B and Series C with MultiSensor electronic upgrading before 2011.
MultiSensor-Preamplifier 1/100		MultiSensor-Preamplifier 1/100: Required only for O2k-Series A-C, for application of NO (or other amperometric) sensors (single chamber mode of application).
NADH calibration - DatLab		NADH calibration
NADH-Module		The NADH-Module, is a component of the Oroboros NextGen-O2k for simultaneous measurement of oxygen consumption and NAD(P)H autofluorescence. NAD(P)H autofluorescence is used to evaluate the redox state of the NAD(P)H-pool. The NADH-Module incorporates an UV light and NADH-Sensors which include a photodiode and specific filters.
NADH-Sensor		The NADH-Sensor has been developed as a part of the NADH-Module for simultaneous monitoring of oxygen consumption and NADH redox state. The NADH-Sensor is composed of a photodiode and equipped with three supergel R370 Italian blue filters (Rosco, US).
NO-Module		The amperometric NO-Module: 2 black PEEK stoppers for amperometric O2k-MultiSensor application (NO, H2S, H2O2); 1 additional hole (2.3 mm); central titration port; conical bottom; with Volume-Calibration Rings (A and B); 2 O-rings mounted on each stopper, with 16 spare O-rings (O-ring\Viton\12.5x1 mm; two boxes). The NO sensor is not included. Supported by the Oroboros NextGen-O2k.
O-ring sV\Viton\9.5x1 mm		O-ring sV\Viton\9.5x1 mm, for PEEK Stopper sV, 2 are mounted on each PEEK Stopper sV, box of 8 as spares.
O-ring\Viton\12.5x1 mm		O-ring\Viton\12.5x1 mm, for PVDF or PEEK Stoppers (2-mL Oroboros Chamber), box of 8 as spares.
O-ring\Viton\16x2 mm		O-ring\Viton\16x2 mm, mounted on the sV Chamber Holder.
O-ring\Viton\18x2 mm		O-ring\Viton\18x2 mm, mounted on the Chamber-Holder.
O-ring\Viton\6x1 mm		O-ring\Viton\6x1 mm for POS-Mounting Tool.
O-ring\Viton\8x1 mm		O-ring\Viton\8x1 mm: for OroboPOS sensor head. Replaces the O-ring\Viton\9x1 mm
O2 background correction - DatLab	CTRL+B	DatLab 8: Open the O₂ background correction window to apply the instrumental O₂ background values. DatLab 7 : Flux / Slope
O2-Zero Powder		O2-Zero Solution Powder, dithionite (Na₂S₂O₄), for zero-oxygen calibration of the Polarographic oxygen sensor.
O2k channel labels - DatLab 7		Default channel labels can now be changed, and new labels set by the user. E.g., rename the Amperometric channel, Amp, to 'H2O2' for H2O2 measurements by fluorometry; rename the potentiometric channel, pX, to TPP+ for mitochondrial membrane measurements with the O2k-pH ISE-Module. For changing the label, go to menu [Oroboros O2k]\O2k channel labels and set the new channel label as desired.
O2k configuration		Configure or modify the settings for the O2k sensors In O2k configuration, channels (amperometric and potentiometric) can be switched on/off by selecting the according tick box. The Power-O2k number (P1, P2, ..) and numbers for O2 sensors, Amp sensors, pX electrodes and pX reference electrodes are entered or edited here. With the O2k-FluoRespirometer (O2k-Series H and higher), the serial numbers of the Smart Fluo-Sensors are shown automatically under [Amperometric, Amp]. The O2k configuration window pops up when DatLab starts and "Connect to O2k" is pressed for the first time. It is also accessible from the menu "Oroboros O2k" and from within the Control and Mark statistics windows.
O2k info (view)	Ctrl+F7	O2k info (view) displays the experimental settings from the selected file, but does not allow modification. The only exception is the OroboPOS number, that can be modified by clicking on the edit button below the field. If the sensor number is modified after the recording, a warning appears next to the field, for quality control, informing that it has been changed. If more previously recorded files are open while running a measurement, Control (active) will always show the settings of the active recording, while O2k info (view) will show the settings of the selected file. The O2k info (view) option is disabled when the current recording file is selected.
O2k signal line		The O2k signal line is underneath the O2k status line. It shows, depending on the Oroboros Series, on the left side the O2k number, the time of the experiment, the oxygen raw signal of each chamber, the block temperature, the barometric pressure, the Peltier power, the recorded amperometric and potentiometric raw signal, the enviromental (room) temperature and the signal from internal sensors recording the humidity and temperature of the electronics. On the right side of the O2k signal line the current user, the DatLab version and the Oroboros series are displayed.
O2k status line		O2k status line is found above the O2k signal line. It contains information about the chamber label, O2 calibration, amperometric calibration, potentiometric calibration, the block temperature, the illumination in chambers, the TIP2k status and the Automatic pan.
O2k-Amperometric OroboPOS Twin-Channel		Amperometric OroboPOS Twin-Channel: Two-channel variable polarization voltage; current/voltage converter for the polarographic oxygen sensor (POS); amplifyer with digital gain settings (1x, 2x, 4x, 8x); A/D converter; output in the range -10 V to 10 V. Integral component of the Oroboros Main Unit.
O2k-Electromagnetic Stirrer Twin-Control		Electromagnetic Stirrer Twin-Control for smooth rotation of the stirrer bars in the two Oroboros Chambers; with slow-start function to prevent decoupling of the stirrer bar; regulated stirrer speed in the range of 100 to 800 rpm (decoupling may occur at higher stirrer speeds), independent for the two Oroboros chambers; automatic events sent to DatLab when the stirrer is switched on/off or when the rotation seed is changed by the experimenter. Integral component of the Oroboros Main Unit.
O2k-Fluorometer Series G		O2k-FluoRespirometer Series G - Former Series (up to 2017-July) - the experimental system complete for high-resolution respirometry (HRR) combined with fluorometry. The O2k-Fluorometer G includes the Oroboros Main Unit, Fluo LED2-Module and TIP2k, and supports all other add-on O2k-Modules. The Oroboros is a sole source apparatus with no other instruments meeting its specifications.
O2k-Main Basic		The Oroboros Main Basic is an integral element of the Oroboros Main Unit. The Oroboros Main Basic has the following components: Stainless-Steel Housing Switching power supply Microprocessor for integrated control, A/D converters and data handling Copper-Block with windows to 2 Oroboros Chambers 2 Amperometric OroboPOS Plugs TIP2k socket, providing the basis for add-on of the TIP2k 2 Potentiometric Plugs for ion sensitive electrodes (ISE: TPP+, Ca2+; pH), providing the basis for add-on of the Oroboros MultiSensor Modules 2 Amperometric Plugs, providing the basis for add-on of the O2k-Fluo LED2-Module or NO (H₂S) sensors. USB-Port for connection with DatLab (PC or laptop not included)
O2k-Main Power Cable		O2k-Main Power Cable, for connecting the main unit to the power supply.
O2k-Main Power Cable\230 V\AU-NZ		O2k-Main Power Cable\AU-NZ, Australia and New Zealand (230 V).
O2k-Main Power Cable\230 V\Europe		O2k-Main Power Cable\230 V\Europe.
O2k-Peltier Temperature Control		Oroboros Peltier Temperature Control: Built-in electronic thermostat controlling temperature for two Oroboros Chambers in the range of 4 to 47 °C; ±0.002 °C (at room temperature). Continuous recording of the Oroboros Copper Block temperature with DatLab. Temperature change from 20 to 30 °C within 15 min; cooling from 30 to 20 °C within 20 min. Integral component of the Oroboros Main Unit. The electronic temperature control of the Oroboros replaced the conventional water jacket.
O2k-Virtual Support self-study material
O2k-Window Frame		For O2k-Series D - G: O2k-Window Frame: blue POM, with thread for fixation on the Oroboros Main Unit, to be removed only for rare cleaning purposes and for front fixation of the Fluorescence-Control Unit, using the O2k-Window Tool.
O2k-Window Tool		O2k-Window Tool for removing the blue O2k-Window Frame from the Oroboros Main Unit, for rare cleaning purposes and for front fixation of the Fluorescence-Control Unit.
O2k-ticket system		The O2k-ticket system is a customer support platform based on Zammad. This system automatically attributes an unique Ticket number (which is visible on the subject of your e-mail) to each received customer inquiry. For an easy follow-up, all the related correspondence is collected under this Ticket number. In order to provide a helpful and reliable support regarding your Oroboros, we suggest to include in your inquiries: (1) Your affiliation and your Oroboros series code and serial number (see: Oroboros Series); (2) DLD file(s) with your reported issue accompanied by a brief explanation. Contact us: [email protected]
Open - DatLab	Ctrl+O	Open a previously recorded DatLab file.
Open chamber	O	The term "open Oroboros chamber" refers to a situation in which the liquid phase is allowed to equilibrate with a gas phase, but the stopper is partially inserted using the Stopper-Spacer.
OroboPOS		The OroboPOS is a polarographic oxygen sensor (POS), with an amperometric mode of operation. The OroboPOS meets the highest quality criteria in terms of linearity, stability and sensitivity of the signal. The Clark type polarographic oxygen sensor (POS) remains the gold standard for measuring dissolved oxygen in biomedical, environmental and industrial applications over a wide dynamic oxygen range. It consists of a gold cathode, a silver/silverchloride anode and a KCl electrolyte reservoir separated from the sample by a 25 µm membrane (FEP). The main body of the OroboPOS is made of PEEK. With application of a polarization voltage (0.8 V), a current is obtained as an amperometric signal, which is converted to a voltage.
OroboPOS-Connector		OroboPOS-Connector (blue POM), with male connection to OroboPOS head (POS) and with cable and male plug fitting into Oroboros Main Unit.
OroboPOS-Connector Service		The OroboPOS-Connector Service entails routine maintenance and any necessary repairs of the OroboPOS-Connector in the Oroboros electronics workshop (WGT).
Oroboros		The Oroboros is the Bioenergetics Platform for high-resolution respirometry (HRR) for mitochondria and cell research, unique for precision OXPHOS analysis. The Oroboros is available as two models: Oroboros NextGen-O2k Oroboros O2k Both Oroboros models provide the basis for HRR applications combined with measurement of ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP production, Ca²⁺, pH, and PhotoBiology. The modular Oroboros concept is supported by DatLab, with high flexibility for add-on Modules. All Oroboros Modules are supported by the Oroboros NextGen-O2k, which is the only model supporting the Redox Modules (Q-Module and NADH-Module), and the NO-Module. The Oroboros allows bioenergetic analysis at controlled oxygen levels. Small amounts of biological samples can be used for bioenergetic and OXPHOS analysis, ranging from isolated mitochondria, permeabilized tissues and permeabilized cells, to living cells and tissues slices. The globally tested and trusted high-resolution Oroboros prioritizes both quality and scientific research output in the field of mitochondrial physiology and pathology, extended to PhotoBiology. The Oroboros is a robust sole-source instrument with a long life time and low running costs. Expert service is provided by the Oroboros Open Support.
Oroboros Accessory Box		The Oroboros Accessory Box contains components of the POS-Service Kit and the Oroboros Assembly Kit and is shipped with the Oroboros.
Oroboros Assembly Kit		The Oroboros Assembly Kit is a component of the Oroboros O2k, consisting of 2 PVDF Stirrer-Bars, 2 PEEK Oroboros Stoppers, OroboPOS-Connectors for O2k-Series A-I and NextGen-O2k series XA (attached to the Oroboros Main Unit) and cables (power supply, USB-connection). Several components of the Oroboros Assembly Kit are included in the Oroboros Accessory Box either for shipment or for storage.
Oroboros Barometric Pressure Transducer		Oroboros Barometric Pressure Transducer, A/D converter and digital output to DatLab for continuous recording of barometric pressure [kPa or mmHg], integrated into the air calibration of the POS (MiPNet06.03 POS-calibration-SOP). Integral component of the Oroboros Main Unit. The warranty on the accuracy of the signal obtained from the Oroboros Barometric Pressure Transducer expires within three years.
Oroboros Chamber		Oroboros Chamber: Duran® glass polished, with experimental volumes (V) of 2.0 mL (classic volume cV, 16 mm inner diameter) or 0.5 mL (small volume sV, sV-Module, 12 mm inner diameter). The optical properties of Duran® allow application of fluorometric sensors (Duran® optical properties).
Oroboros FluoRespirometer		The Oroboros FluoRespirometer - the Bioenergetics Platform for high-resolution respirometry (HRR) and fluorometry, allows simultaneous monitoring of oxygen consumption together with either ROS production (AmR), mt-membrane potential (TMRM, Safranin and Rhodamine 123), Ca²⁺ (CaG) or ATP production (MgG). The Oroboros supports the add-on modules: ISE TPP-Module, ISE pH-Module, enabling measurement of mt-membrane potential with ion sensitive electrodes (ISE for TPP⁺ or TPMP⁺) or pH.
Oroboros Main Power Cable\120 V\US-CA		Oroboros Main Power Cable\120 V\US-CA, USA and Canada (120 V).
Oroboros Main Unit		The Oroboros Main Unit is a component of the Oroboros O2k or the NextGen-O2k (» more information). The Oroboros Main Unit consists of functionally defined, integral elements, the (Oroboros Main Unit, Oroboros Peltier Temperature Control, two O2k-Electromagnetic Stirrer Twin-Control units, two O2k-Amperometric OroboPOS Twin-Channels, Oroboros Barometric Pressure Transducer), which cannot be obtained separately.
Oroboros MultiSensor		When one (or more) analytical parameters are monitored simultaneously with oxygen concentration and oxygen flux, this is an Orobros MultiSensor application of the Oroboros Bioenergetics Platform. The Oroboros NextGen-O2k supports all MultiSensor Modules, while Q- and NADH-Redox-Modules cannot be used with the Oroboros O2k. For some MultiSensor applications it is necessary to introduce one or more additional sensors into the chamber through a MultiSensor stopper. Optical applications require the standard black stoppers.
Oroboros NextGen-O2k	NextGen-O2k	Oroboros - as a driving force in mitochondrial physiology - extends the analytical and diagnostic power of high-resolution respirometry HRR by integration of NADH- and Q-redox monitoring in the Oroboros NextGen-O2k: the revolutionary all-in-one instrument to conquer mitochondrial diseases. The NextGen-O2k is the Oroboros Bioenergetics Platform for unique for bioenergetic profling and precision OXPHOS analysis. Combine HRR with measurement of NAD(P)H- and Q-redox state, mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS production, ATP production, Ca²⁺, pH, and NO. The Oroboros prioritizes both quality and scientific research output in the field of mitochondrial physiology and pathology, extended to PhotoBiology with controlled wavelengths and wide range of light intensities. The Oroboros is a robust sole-source instrument with a long life time and low running costs. Expert service is provided by Oroboros Open Support. » Marketplace: Oroboros
Oroboros O2k	O2k	The Oroboros O2k, the modular system for high-resolution respirometry (HRR), is one of the models of the Oroboros Bioenergetics Platform for mitochondria and cell research, unique for precision OXPHOS analysis. The O2k provides the basis for HRR applications combined with measurement of ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP production, Ca²⁺, and pH. The Oroboros O2k is distinguished from the Oroboros NextGen-O2k. The globally tested and trusted high-resolution Oroboros prioritizes both quality and scientific research output in the field of mitochondrial physiology and pathology, extended to PhotoBiology. The Oroboros is a robust sole-source instrument with a long life time and low running costs. Expert service is provided by the Oroboros Open Support. » Marketplace: Oroboros » The O2k-Series J supports the Oroboros PhotoBiology Module
Oroboros Open Support
Oroboros Open Support agreement		Oroboros Open Support aims at providing expert help quickly. Please, help us sharing our support communication openly with the scientific community.
Oroboros Series		The Oroboros Series is specified as the capital letter in the series code of the Oroboros. A series code I-#### or J-#### denotes an O2k from the I or J series, while XB-### denotes a NextGen-O2k from the B series. With DatLab running real-time connected to the Oroboros, the series code of the currently connected Oroboros is displayed: (1) in the right corner of the Status line, besides the DatLab version number (bottom), and (2) in windows Control [F7] and O2k configuration.
Oroboros Titration Set		The Oroboros Titration Set consists of Hamilton microsyringes (6 x 10 mm³ and 3 spare plungers, 6 x 25 mm³, 1 x 50 mm³, 1 x 100 mm³, 1 x 500 mm³; fixed needles with rounded tips), provided in the Syringe Storage Box with Syringe Labels, a set of two Syringe Racks with Syringe Collars, and a set of two Tube Racks.
Oroboros USB-flash drive		The Oroboros USB-flash drive is delivered with the Oroboros O2k. Copy the folder "Oroboros O2k-Course on HRR" from the Oroboros USB-flash drive to your computer. This folder contains the DatLab installation program as well as tools to find topics, O2k-manuals and O2k-protocols with corresponding DatLab demo files and templates for training with DatLab.
Oroboros Virtual Support		Oroboros Virtual Support includes 8 individual hours. Via a live video link, Oroboros experts guide you step-by-step on topics of your choice, such as Oroboros instrumental setup and service of the polarographic oxygen sensors (POS) for instrumental quality control, an essential component of HRR. This offers the opportunity to analyze and discuss your experimental DatLab files obtained with your Oroboros with the bioenergetics experts of the Oroboros team. It offers flexibility to participants and gives the option to choose virtual sessions that best fit individual needs.
Oroboros chamber volume calibration		The Oroboros chamber volume calibration has to be done before getting started with the Oroboros to guarantee a classic chamber volume of 2.0 mL or a small volume of 0.5 mL.
Oroboros repair		Oroboros repair of defective hardware may require replacement of spare parts. Some electronic or mechanical defects may be solved only by repair of the Oroboros in the electronics workshop of Oroboros Instruments, e.g., a defective Peltier unit (temperature control).
Oroboros specifications		Oroboros versus multiwell respirometer: The Oroboros Bioenergetics Platform for high-resolution respirometry, the Oroboros O2k and Oroboros NextGen-O2k meet the powerful quality criteria securing high output and pioneering state-of-the-art precision OXPHOS analysis of substrate control and coupling control of mitochondrial function. The limit of detection of O₂ flux is as low as 0.5 pmol·s^-1·mL^-1. Signal noise at zero oxygen concentration is <0.05 μM O₂. Oxygen backdiffusion at zero oxygen is <3 pmol·s^-1·mL^-1, and oxygen consumption at air saturation and standard barometric pressure (100 kPa) was 2.7 ± 0.9 SD in 114 test runs at 37 °C. These highly standardized instrumental background fluxes are a linear function of oxygen concentration, which is used for routine background correction of oxygen flux. Typical exponential time constants of the oxygen sensors are <4 s, used for dynamic corrections in kinetic studies. If you’re using a biased instrument, it doesn’t matter how many measurements you take – you’re aiming at the wrong target (Silver 2012 Penguin Press). High throughput stands for multiwell systems - expensive, with limited scope and high running costs. In respirometry, high throughput is not equivalent to high output. High output is the concept of the two-chamber Oroboros O2k and NextGen-O2k.
Outlier index threshold - DatLab		Set a lab-specific or session-specific threshold (Lab-default or Session value) for the Outlier index different from the System default.
Outlier-skewness index	OSI, OI	An outlier-skewness index OSI is defined for evaluation of the distribution of data sets with outliers including separate clusters or skewness in relation to a normal distribution with equivalence of the average and median.
Oxia		Oxia - HyperOxia to HypOxia: The Oxia generates gaseous oxygen and hydrogen by electrolysis of water using a proton exchange membrane (PEM). O₂ and H₂ gas can be used to control the O₂ regime in the Oroboros O2k (Setting_the_oxygen_concentration) using the 10 mL Gas-Injection Syringes. Low oxygen concentrations (<50 µM) are used to mimic tissue normoxia or hypoxia. Hyperoxic conditions above air saturation (250-600 µM O₂) are routinely used for high-resolution respirometry of permeabilized muscle fibers or to induce oxidative stress in cells and mitochondrial preparations.
Oxygen calibration - DatLab		DatLab 8: O₂ calibration is the calibration in DatLab of the oxygen sensor (air calibration and zero O2 calibration) in the Oroboros. It is a prerequisite for obtaining accurate measurements of respiration. DatLab 7: O₂ calibration
Oxygen flow	I_O2 [mol·s^-1] or [mol·s^-1·x^-1]	Respiratory oxygen flow is the oxygen consumption per total system, which is an extensive quantity. Flow is advancement of a transformation in a system per time [mol·s^-1], when 'system' is defined as the experimental system (e.g. an open or closed chamber). Flow is distinguished from the size-specific quantity flux obtained by normalization of flow per volume of the experimental system [mol·s^-1·m^-3]. An experimental object, e.g. a living cell, may be considered as the 'experimental system'. Then oxygen flow per cell has the unit [mol·s^-1·x^-1], where [x] is the elementary unit for a count. Oxygen flow or respiration per cell [amol·s^-1·x^-1] = [pmol·s^-1·Mx^-1] is normalized for the cell count, distinguished from oxygen flux (e.g. per mg protein or wet mass). These are different forms of normalization of rate.
Oxygen flux - instrumental background	J°_O₂	Instrumental background oxygen flux, J°_O₂, in a respirometer is due to oxygen consumption by the POS, and oxygen diffusion into or out of the aqueous medium in the Oroboros Chamber. It is a property of the instrumental system, measured in the range of experimental oxygen levels by a standardized instrumental O₂ background test. The oxygen regime from air saturation towards zero oxygen is applied generally in experiments with isolated mitochondria, and living or permeabilized cells. To overcome oxygen diffusion limitation in permeabilized fibers and homogenates, an elevated oxygen regime is applied, requiring instrumental background test in the same range of elevated oxygen.
Oxygen kinetics		Oxygen kinetics describes the dependence of respiration of isolated mitochondria or cells on oxygen partial pressure. Frequently, a strictly hyperbolic kinetics is observed, with two parameters, the oxygen pressure at half-maximum flux, p₅₀, and maximum flux, Jmax. The p₅₀ is in the range of 0.2 to 0.8 kPa for cytochrome c oxidase, isolated mitochondria and small cells, strongly dependent on J_max and coupling state.
Oxygen sensor test	POS test	The O₂ sensor test is an important component of Oroboros Quality Management. The OroboPOS test is described in detail in MiPNet06.03 POS-calibration-SOP, is performed after switching on the Oroboros, and is required as a basis of technical service of the instrument.
Oxygen signal		The oxygen signal of the Oroboros O2k is transmitted from the electrochemical polarographic oxygen sensor (OroboPOS) for each of the two O2k-chambers to DatLab. The primary signal is a current [µA] and calibrated in SI units for amount of substance concentration [µmol·L^-1 or µM]. For technical reasons, the raw signal is converted into [V] in DatLab 7. The value of the raw signal is the same in DatLab 7 or 8, independent of the displayed unit ([V] or [µA]). In the following sections, only [µA] is used for information on the raw signal, but the same values in [V] apply for the raw signal when using DL7 or previous versions.
PB Light Source	PBLS	The PhotoBiology Light Source (PBLS) has been designed as a part of the PB-Module to provide with an external source of light. This enables experiments for evaluating the production of O₂ in the presence of light. The PBLS consists of one LED and one photodiode mounted on the PBLS head protected by a PMMA plastic cover. Three pairs of PBLS (white, blue, and red) are provided with the PB-Module. The light intensity can be regulated from 0 to 2750 µmol·s^-1·m^-2 (red PBLS), from 0 to 3000 µmol·s^-1·m^-2 (blue PBLS), from 0 to 3500 µmol·s^-1·m^-2 (white PBLS). An integrated photodiode provides real-time measurement of the light intensity allowing for continuous adjustment to the desired value.
PB-Module		The PB-Module has been developed for conducting measurements of PhotoBiology, including photosynthesis. It consists of the PB Light Source and electronic components which are an integral part of the Oroboros. Measurements are recorded and evaluated with the DatLab 8 software.
PBI-Shredder Set		PBI-Shredder Set: Auxiliary Oroboros Tool for tissue homogenate preparation.
PC requirements		In case of NextGen-O2k or O2k-Series J* and higher, an internal PC (Linux) with DatLab installed is provided. Otherwise, a PC or notebook is required (not included in our offers), to use DatLab by connecting to the O2k via the supplied USB cable. The DatLab software is designed for 64-bit versions of Linux and Windows operating systems and does not run on MAC devices. Minimum requirements: Intel-Core-2 or equivalent CPU, 2GB RAM, Windows XP (64-bit version). Recommended: Intel i5 or equivalent CPU, 4GB RAM, Windows 10 (64-bit version), and SSD. Working recommendation: For data safety reasons and optimal DatLab performance it is strongly recommended to operate your DatLab files, DL-Protocols and DatLab templates on the PC‘s local HDD. *O2k-Series J optionally available without integrated PC.
PH ISE-Module		Oroboros pH ISE-Module: two pH electrodes and reference electrodes and accessories.
PH calibration buffers		pH calibration buffers are prepared to obtain two or more defined pH values for calibration of pH electrodes and pH indicator dyes.
PH-Glass electrode		pH-Glass electrode with BNC plug.
POS calibration - dynamic		Calibration of the sensor response time. See also POS calibration - static.
POS calibration - static	F5	Two-point calibration of the polarographic oxygen sensor, comprising Air calibration and Zero O2 calibration. See also POS calibration - dynamic.
POS-Electrolyte Powder		POS-Electrolyte Powder, KCl. The powder is dissolved in 10 ml distilled water to yield a 1 M KCl solution.
POS-Holder		The POS-Holder, blue or black POM, is screwed into the copper block of the Oroboros Main Unit, guiding the SmartPOS or OroboPOS to the Oroboros Chamber, and keeping it in a fixed position for sealing the Oroboros chamber with the POS-Seal Tip. In addition, the POS-Holder fixes the Oroboros chamber in an accurate rotational position by pressing against the angular cut of the glass chamber. Two units of this item are standard components mounted on the Oroboros Main Unit.
POS-Membrane Ring		POS-Membrane Ring, PEEK, holds the membrane against the inner O-ring on the POS housing.
POS-Membranes	FEP-membranes	POS-Membranes, FEP 25 µm; 40/Pck.
POS-Mounting Tool		POS-Mounting Tool for application of POS-Membranes. It consists of two parts, (i) the membrane guide (larger diameter) and (ii) the membrane ring holder with O-ring\Viton\6x1 mm for holding the POS-Membrane Ring during membrane application. Since the O2k-Series G-0075 membrane ring holder have a 2 mm extended ridge for a better grip.
POS-Seal Tip		POS-Seal Tip, black butyl rubber gasket with 3 mm pore. 4/Pck, for sealing the POS (sensor head) against the Oroboros Chamber. Push the wetted POS-Seal Tip over the POS-sensor head, with the pore positioned centrally, not covering any peripheral area of the gold cathode. Do not stretch the gasket across the POS-sensor head.
POS-Service Kit		POS-Service Kit, in Oroboros Accessory Box including all oxygen sensor service accessories for membrane mounting and service of the POS.
PX calibration - DatLab		pX calibration
Packing\Oroboros Box 1		Packing\Oroboros Box 1: for shipment of the Oroboros Main Unit, with polystyrene inlets. Keep the original packing material safely stored, for any future shipping purposes of the Oroboros Main Unit.
Packing\Oroboros Box 1+2		Packing\Oroboros Box 1+2 for shipping the Oroboros. WorldWide delivery, insurance and handling are included in the Oroboros.
Packing\Oroboros Box 2		Packing\Oroboros Box 2, for shipment of accessories.
Packing\Peli Case		Packing\Peli Case: Watertight, crushproof, and dust proof case for safe transportation of the O2k: Retractable extension handle, Strong polyurethane wheels with stainless steel bearings, Easy open Double Throw latches, Open cell core with solid wall design - strong, light weight, O-ring seal, Automatic Pressure Equalization Valve, Fold down handles, Stainless steel hardware and padlock protectors, 4 level Pick N Pluck™ with convoluted lid foam, Special foam inlets for O2k. Interior Dimensions: 21.48" x 16.42" x 12.54" (54.5 x 41.7 x 31.8 cm)
Pen-Contact Oil		Pen-Contact Oil, for stable low contact resistance between the OroboPOS head and the OroboPOS-Connector. Discontinued - The Pen-Contact Oil is not part of our product range anymore as it is not absolutely required for ensuring the functioning of the OroboPOS-Connector and the OroboPOS. The Oroboros experts do not use it anymore.
Pipette\Plastic\1 ml ungraded		Pipette\Plastic\1 mL ungraded, for filling electrolyte into the reservoir of the OroboPOS.
Plot - DatLab		A plot represents a specific trace of data points (signal, time derivative or system channels) in the graph. The plots of a specific graph are displayed on its right side with the same color of the corresponding trace.
Plunger\10 mm3		Plunger\10 mm3 for Microsyringe\10 mm3 51/0.13 mm, spare.
Plunger\25 mm3		Plunger\25 mm3 for Microsyringe\25 mm3 51/0.15 mm, spare. Discontinued
Plunger\50 mm3		Plunger\50 mm3 for Microsyringe\50 mm3 51/0.15 mm, spare. Discontinued
Polarization voltage	U	A polarization voltage of 600 mV to 800 mV is applied between anode and cathode of the polarographic oxygen sensor, resulting in a current when oxygen is consumed. The current is converted by the electronics to a voltage (raw signal) which must not be confused with the polarization voltage.
Polarographic oxygen sensor	POS	Polarographic oxygen sensors (POS) are operated with a polarization voltage between the cathode and anode, connected by an electrolyte. Cathode, anode and electrolyte are separated from the analyte by an oxygen-permeable membrane. Oxygen is reduced at the cathode such that the local oxygen concentration is maintained at zero, and diffuses along the concentration gradient from the stirred medium to the cathode, resulting in a linear calibration between oxygen partial pressure and electric current [Amp] (amperometric mode of operation). The SmartPOS or OroboPOS are the POS applied in the Oroboros.
Polishing Cloth		Polishing Cloth for cathode cleaning. Replace the Polishing Cloth at intervals. A two-year interval may be considered in cases of intensive use.
Polishing Powder		Polishing Powder 0.3 µm and Polishing Powder 0.05 µm for cathode cleaning of OroboPOS and Q-sensors.
Power O2k Numbers		Power O2k Numbers: Single number to label the O2k in a Power O2k-Lab.
Power O2k-FluoRespirometer		Power O2k-FluoRespirometer - optional configuration as additional system for increasing output combined with the O2k-FluoRespirometer (O2k-Series H). The Power O2k-FluoRespirometer includes the TIP2k and the sV-Module, and supports all add-on O2k-Modules of the Oroboros O2k. It can be added to an existing Oroboros O2k of any O2k-Series. This application does not require an additional ISS-Integrated Suction System and Oroboros Titration Set. Furthermore, the OroboPOS-Mounting Tool of the OroboPOS Service Tools can be used from the available O2k and is not included.
Power-O2k		The Power-O2k is an economical option for using additional Oroboros Units to increase output in high-resolution respirometry.
Q calibration - DatLab		Q calibration
Q-Module	Q-Module	The Q-Module, developed for measuring the Q redox state and cyclic voltammetry, is supported by the Oroboros NextGen-O2k and consists of the Q-Sensor, integrated electronic components, and the DatLab software.
Q-Sensor		The Q-Sensor has been designed as a part of the Q-Module for measurements with cyclic voltammetry and voltammetry, allowing for analysis of the Q redox state. The Q-Stopper with the reference electrode is called Q-Sensor, which is plugged in the NextGen-O2k. A three-electrode system is used to detect the Q redox state. Two of the three electrodes (glassy carbon and platinum electrode) are built into the Q-Stopper, while the reference electrode is removable (Reference-Electrode\2.4 mm).
Quit - DatLab		DatLab 8: Close DatLab files and quit the program. DatLab 7 : Exit
Raw signal of the oxygen sensor	R	The raw signal of the polarographic oxygen sensor is the current I_el [µA], 1 µA = 10^-6 C·s^-1, (DatLab 8) or the electric potential difference (voltage) [V], 1 V = 1 J·C^-1, obtained after a current-to-voltage conversion in the O2k (DatLab 7 and previous versions).
Reboot O2k - DatLab		The O2k will automatically shut down and then restart itself without requiring further intervention from the user. This automatic process helps to restore the device to a functional state.
Recalculate slope		Select Recalculate slope (Recalc. slope) in the Mark information window to restore data points in the marked section of the active Flux / Slope plot, if Delete points or Interpolate points was used before. The entire plot is recalculated, such that other marked sections which may have been deleted are also restored. Compare Restore points.
Reference-Electrode\2.4 mm		Reference-Electrode\2.4 mm: 2.4 mm diameter glass shaft, for ISE.
Replacement-Barrel		Replacement-Barrel for Reference-Electrode\2.4 mm, 2.4 mm diameter glass.
Restore points		Select Restore points in the Mark information window to restore data points in the marked section of the active signal plot, if Delete points or Interpolate points was used before. Compare Recalculate slope.
Run DL-Protocol/Set O2 limit		DL-Protocols (DLP) can be selected in DatLab 7 in the pull-down menu 'Protocol': Set DL-Protocol / O₂ limit. A DL-Protocol defines the sequence of Events and Marks and can be assigned to Oroboros Chamber A or B, or both. Linked to DL-Protocols are templates for storing exported data in a database and for data analysis. Instrumental DL-Protocols are used for calibrations and instrumental quality control, without experimental sample in the incubation medium. DL-Protocols for substrate-uncoupler-inhibitor titration (SUIT) provide a guide through a sequence of coupling-control states and Electron-transfer-pathway states. A library of evaluated and tested standard DL-Protocols is provided by the Oroboros team. The Titration-Injection-microPump TIP2k can be programmed for automatic control of titration steps in a DL-Protocol. In DatLab 7.4, it is possible to edit a DL-Protocol and save it as a user-specific DL-Protocol (.DLPU). For more information, see: Enable DL-Protocol editing. A Lower O2 limit [µM]* can be defined for each chamber, to trigger an automatic warning when the experimental O₂ concentration declines below this limit as a WARNING to remind the user that re-oxygenation of the medium may be required.
SUIT: Browse DL-Protocols		DatLab 8: Open a folder with a library of SUIT protocols, schemes, templates and traces provided with DatLab 8. DatLab 7 : SUIT: Browse DL-Protocols and templates
SUIT: Browse DL-Protocols and templates - DatLab 7		A comprehensive library of SUIT protocols including DatLab example traces, instructions, brief explanatory texts, links to relevant pages, representative diagrams and templates for data evaluation can be browsed from inside DatLab 7.4. Click on menu [Protocols]\SUIT: Browse DL-Protocols and templates to open a folder with all the SUIT protocols provided with the DatLab 7.4. DL-Protocols (DLP) for different sample preparations can be chosen to assess multiple sequences of respiratory coupling control and ET-pathway states. DL-Protocols posses unique D## codes and comprise a fixed sequence of events and marks which cannot be changed by the user. However, the users can edit titration volumes and concentrations in the Overview window of a DL-protocol, save the overview, and export the file as a user-specific DL-Protocol [File / Export / A or B: Export DL-Protocol User (.DLPU)]. In DatLab 7.4, fixed sequence of events and marks can be changed (Skip/Added) in a SUIT protocol by the user. Moreover, editions of text, instructions, concentrations and titration volumes of injections in a specific DL-Protocol can be edited and saved as user-specific DL-Protocol [File]\Export\DL-Protocol User (.DLPU). For more information, see: Enable DL-Protocol editing.
SUITbrowser		Use the SUITbrowser to find the substrate-uncoupler-inhibitor-titration (SUIT) protocol most suitable for addressing your research questions. Open the SUITbrowser: http://suitbrowser.oroboros.at/ How to find a DL-Protocol (DLP)
SV-Module	sV-Module	The sV-Module is the Oroboros small-volume module, comprised of two Duran® glass chambers of 12 mm inner diameter specifically developed to perform high-resolution respirometry with reduced quantities of biological sample. It is a standard component of the Oroboros Packages.
Safranin	Saf	Safranin is one of the most established dyes for measuring mitochondrial membrane potential by fluorometry. It is an extrinsic fluorophore with an excitation wavelength of 495 nm and emission wavelength of 587 nm. Safranin is a potent inhibitor of N-linked respiration and of the phosphorylation system. Synonyms: Safranin O, Safranin Y, Safranin T, Gossypimine, Cotton Red, Basic Red2
Sample - DatLab 7	F3	In the window Sample, information is entered and displayed for the sample (Sample type, Cohort, Sample code, Sample number, Subsample number and sample concentration). Entries can be edited any time during the experiment in real-time or during post-experiment analysis. All related results are recalculated instantaneously with the new parameters. Initially, the Edit experiment window displays information from the last file recorded and saved while connected to the O2k.
Sample Holder		Sample Holder - to protect susceptible samples from being damaged by stirring of the medium in the 2.0 mL Oroboros Chamber.
Sample and medium - DatLab	F3	DatLab 8: In the window Sample and medium, information is entered and displayed for the sample and medium. Entries can be edited any time during the experiment or during post-experiment analysis. All related results are recalculated instantaneously with the new parameters. The window can be opened whenever a file is loaded or currently recorded. DatLab 7: Sample
Save - DatLab	Ctrl+S	Save a DatLab file.
Save as - DatLab		Save as a DatLab file.
Scaling - DatLab	F6	Scaling a graph in DatLab provides flexibility to vary the display of the plots and create Graph layouts. It allows viewing a data plot in differently scaled graphs, zooming the signal and time scales, and scrolling along the axes of the graph provide maximum information on the current experiment. This does not influence the format of stored data. Different ranges for the axes change the appearance of data dramatically. It is highly recommended to use reference layouts. »Compare: Select plots - DatLab.
Scissors\stainless steel\straight Tip\sharp		Scissors\stainless steel\straight Tip\sharp.
Screwdriver allen wrench		Screwdriver allen wrench, a standard component of the Oroboros.
Search for defective O2k components		The 2-chamber design of the O2k helps to search for defective O2k components, by switching components linked to O2k chambers A and B between sides A and B.
Select O2k - DatLab		Select Oroboros - DatLab
Set Power O2k number - DatLab	Ctrl+P	DatLab 8: Set a Power-O2k number to label the O2k in a Power O2k-Lab. DatLab 7 : Set the Power-O2k number in the O2k configuration window.
Set lower O2 limit - DatLab		DatLab 8: Define a lower O₂ limit [µM] for each Oroboros chamber, to trigger an automatic warning when the experimental O₂ concentration drops below this limit. DatLab 7: Run DL-Protocol/Set O2 limit
Set upper O2 limit - DatLab		Define an upper O₂ limit [µM] for each Oroboros chamber, to trigger an automatic warning when the experimental O₂ concentration rises beyond this limit.
Setting the oxygen concentration
Shipping an Oroboros		For shipping an Oroboros or parts, standard operating procedures have to be followed to avoid damage of the instrument and unexpected delays. The Oroboros Main Unit must be shipped only in Packing\Oroboros Box 1, without Oroboros Chambers and without OroboPOS. Two Chamber-Holders, two POS-Holders, and two OroboPOS-Connectors are attached to the Oroboros Main Unit for transport.
Show Power O2k number		DatLab 8: When the option Show Power O2k number is selected, the Power-O2k number is displayed in the background of the active graph. The Power-O2k number can be set in the software top menu 'Oroboros': Set Power O2k number. DatLab 7: Display Power-O2k
Shredder-Accessory Box		Shredder-Accessory Box: for storage and shipping of Shredder accessories.
Shredder-Tube Ram Tool		Shredder-Tube Ram Tool: component of PBI-Shredder Set.
Shredder-Tubes		Shredder-Tubes: consisting of Shredder Tube FT500-PS with Lysis Disk, serrated Shredder-Tube Ram Tool and Shredder-Tube Cap Tool, coral colour (Box of 100) and Shredder Tube FT500-PMS with Lysis Disk, serrated Shredder-Tube Ram Tool and Shredder-Tube Cap Tool, coral colour (Box of 100). There is no difference between the white and the coral shredder tubes, except that the white tubes are also approved for high pressure.
Smart Fluo-Sensor Blue		Smart Fluo-Sensor Blue: Excitation LED 465 nm (dominant wavelenght) with short pass filter, emission (red) with long pass filter, individual sensors are calibrated with sensor-specific memory and direct input into DatLab 7 to obtain reproducible light intensities with different sensors, including photodiode, Filter-Cap equipped with Filter Set Saf for measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential with safranin and rhodamine 123. Filter Set MgG / CaG for Magnesium green and Calcium green measurements are included.
Smart Fluo-Sensor Green		Smart Fluo-Sensor Green: Excitation LED 525 nm (dominant wavelength) with short pass filter, emission (red) with long pass filter, individual sensors are calibrated with sensor-specific memory and direct input into DatLab 7 to obtain reproducible light intensities with different sensors, including photodiode, Filter-Cap equipped with Filter Set AmR for Amplex UltraRed and TMRM measurements when delivered.
SmartPOS		The SmartPOS is a polarographic oxygen sensor (POS), for O2k-Series J and XB onward, with an amperometric mode of operation. The SmartPOS combines the previous OroboPOS and OroboPOS-Connector and is automatically recognized by the software DatLab 8. Combination of the previously separated components in one piece, protects the electrical connections. The SmartPOS is, like the OroboPOS, a Clark type polarographic oxygen sensor (POS), which remains the gold standard for measuring dissolved oxygen in biomedical, environmental and industrial applications over a wide dynamic oxygen range. The SmartPOS meets the highest quality criteria in terms of linearity, stability and sensitivity of the signal. The sensor consists of a gold cathode, a silver/silverchloride anode and a KCl electrolyte reservoir separated from the sample by a 25 µm membrane (FEP). With application of a polarization voltage (0.8 V), a current is obtained as an amperometric signal.
Start recording - DatLab		DatLab 8: In the ‘Start recording’ window, the user selects the protocol that will be performed, adjusts the settings of the Oroboros, channels and sensors and starts the measurement. DatLab 7: O2k control, Run DL-Protocol/Set O2 limit, O2k configuration
Startup Oroboros		Startup Oroboros - the experimental system complete for basic high-resolution respirometry (HRR). The Oroboros includes the Oroboros Main Unit with stainless steel housing, Oroboros Assembly Kit, two SmartPOS (polarographic oxygen sensors), and POS-Service Kit, DatLab software, the ISS-Integrated Suction System, the Oroboros Titration Set, and for performing high-resolution respirometry with reduced amounts of biological sample the sV-Module. The Oroboros is a sole source apparatus with no other instruments meeting its specifications.
Status bar - DatLab		DatLab 8: Displays information about the current selected file, including Power O2k number and calibration status. Raw O2 values and ongoing measurement time are also displayed in a file being recorded. DatLab 7 : Status line
Stirrer A on/off	F11	The stirrer in chamber A is switched on/off.
Stirrer B on/off	F12	The stirrer in chamber B is switched on/off.
Stirrer test		A stirrer test is performed in the Oroboros for quick evaluation of the performance of the OroboPOS and for dynamic calibration. Stirring is stopped in both chambers and restarted after a selected period. The default period is 30 s, for experiments at 37 °C. At lower experimental temperature, this period should be prolonged (60 s at 25 °C). In the Oroboros Quality Control for the O₂ sensor test, the stirrer test is performed in the 'open' chamber in conjunction with Air calibration. In general, the stirrer test can be performed equally with an open or closed chamber. Upon automatic re-start of the stirrer (On), the increase of the oxygen signal should be rapid and monoexponential.
Stirrer-Bar sV\white PVDF\11.5x6.2 mm		Stirrer-Bar sV\white PVDF\11.5x6.2 mm, operated in the 0.5-mL Oroboros Chamber at constant stirring speed (standard is 750 rpm, or 12.5 Hz), to provide optimum mixing of the sample in the aqueous medium and ensure a stable signal of the polarographic oxygen sensor (OroboPOS) placed in a position of maximum current of the medium.
Stirrer-Bar\black PEEK\15x6 mm		Stirrer-Bar\black PEEK\15x6 mm, for 2-mL O2k-Chamber, for specific optical applications to minimize optical interference.
Stirrer-Bar\white PVDF\15x6 mm		Stirrer-Bar\white PVDF\15x6 mm, operated in the 2-mL Oroboros Chamber at constant stirring speed (standard is 750 rpm, or 12.5 Hz), to provide optimum mixing of the sample in the aqueous medium and ensure a stable signal of the polarographic oxygen sensor (OroboPOS) placed in a position of maximum current of the medium.
Stop measurement		Stop data acquisition. The DatLab data file will be saved automatically. After the measurement is stopped, the Oroboros continues to operate at constant experimental temperature, stirring speed and illumination in the chamber. No data are recorded until another measurement is started to be recorded with DatLab.
Stopper sV\black PEEK\conical Shaft\central Port		Stopper sV\black PEEK\conical Shaft\central Port: with conical shaft (with PTFE, graphite, carbon fiber) and one central capillary (1.0 mm diameter; 48.9 mm length), Volume-Calibration Ring sV (A or B) for volume adjustment 0.5 mL; 2 mounted O-rings (O-ring sV\Viton\9.5x1 mm).
Stopper-Needle		Stopper-Needle: Short needle for bubble extrusion from port of the ISE-stopper.
Stopper-Shaft conical\white PVDF\central Port		Stopper-Shaft conical\white PVDF\central Port: PVDF shaft with one central capillary and conical base, receptacle on the top for collecting excess medium during closing the O2k-Chamber and during titration; component of Stopper\white PVDF\conical Shaft\central Port. Discontinued
Stopper-Spacer		Stopper-Spacer (or gas spacer) to set the Oroboros Stopper into a standard position for a fixed gas phase above the aqueous phase in the 2-mL Oroboros Chamber, during air calibration or for injection of nitrogen, argon or oxygen into the gas phase; Stopper-Spacer thickness of 4mm (a deviation of +/- 10% possible).
Stopper\black PEEK\angular Shaft\side+6.2+2.6 mm Port		Stopper\black PEEK\angular Shaft\side+6.2+2.6 mm Port, for application with ISE; side titration port and two additional holes (6.2 mm and 2.6 mm); angular bottom; including Volume-Calibration Ring (A or B); 2 mounted O-rings, with 8 spare O-rings (O-ring\Viton\12.5x1 mm).
Stopper\black PEEK\conical Shaft\central Port		Stopper\black PEEK\conical Shaft\central Port: with conical shaft (with PTFE, graphite, carbon fiber) and one central capillary (1.3 mm diameter; 50.6 mm length), Volume-Calibration Ring (A or B) for volume adjustment 1.5 to 3.2 ml; 2 mounted O-rings, with 8 spare O-rings (O-ring\Viton\12.5x1 mm). The black PEEK stoppers are required for optical Oroboros MultiSensor Modules.
Stopper\black PEEK\conical Shaft\central Port\peripheral 2.3 mm Port		Stopper\black PEEK\conical Shaft\central+peripheral 2.3 mm Port: for potentiometric Oroboros MultiSensor applications (NO, H₂S, H₂O₂); 1 additional port (2.3 mm); central titration port; conical bottom; including Volume-Calibration Ring (A or B); 2 mounted O-rings, with 8 spare O-rings (O-ring\Viton\12.5x1 mm).
Stopper\black PEEK\conical Shaft\central+2.3+2.6 mm Port		Stopper\black PEEK\conical Shaft\central+2.3+2.6 mm Port: for pH and reference electrode, central titration port and two additional ports (2.3 mm and 2.6 mm); conical bottom; including Volume-Calibration Ring (A or B), 2 mounted O-rings, with 8 spare O-rings (O-ring\Viton\12.5x1 mm).
Stopper\white PVDF\angular Shaft\side+6.2+2.6 mm Port		Stopper\white PVDF\angular Shaft\side+6.2+2.6 mm Port, for application with ISE; side titration port and two additional holes (6.2 mm and 2.6 mm); angular bottom; including Volume-Calibration Ring (A or B); 2 mounted O-rings (O-ring\Viton\12x1 mm). Discontinued
Stopper\white PVDF\conical Shaft\central Port		Stopper\white PVDF\conical Shaft\central Port: for closing the 2-mL Oroboros Chamber, with one capillary and conical basis; including Volume-Calibration Ring (A or B) for volume adjustment (1.5 to 3.2 mL); 2 mounted O-rings (O-ring\Viton\12x1 mm). Discontinued
Storage box sV		Storage box sV empty, for storage of Oroboros sV-Module components.
Synchronous events - DatLab		DatLab 8: Set protocol events for both chambers as default when the same DL-Protocol is selected for both chamber A and B. DatLab 7 : Synchronous DL-Protocol events
Syringe Collars		Syringe Collars (package of 20) for Hamilton microsyringes: for correctly storing the microsyringes in the Syringe Racks.
Syringe Labels		Syringe Labels: set of labels with standard abbreviations (see Manual titrations of SUIT chemicals).
Syringe Racks		Syringe Racks: stainless steel; for proper placement of eight Hamilton microsyringes in HRR experiments; package of two (for a total of 16 microsyringes).
Syringe Storage Box		Syringe Storage Box: for storing the Hamilton microsyringes; includes Syringe Labels.
Syringe\10 mL\Gas-Injection		Syringe\10 mL\Gas-Injection, 10 mL, with spacer and stainless steel needle, flat tip, for gas injection into the Oroboros Chamber. 2 syringes are supplied with Oxia.
Syringe\500 mm3 51/0.41 mm		Hamilton Syringe\500 mm³ 51/0.41 mm for manual titrations, 500 mm³ volume; fixed needle with rounded tip: 51 mm length, 0.41 mm inner diameter; for injections of suspensions of isolated mitochondria and filling of the Microsyringe\200 mm3\TIP2k.
Syringe\60 mL\Gas-Injection		Syringe\60 mL\Gas-Injection, 60 mL, with spacer and stainless steel needle, flat tip, for gas injection into the Oroboros Chamber.
TIP2k control - DatLab	F8	Control the Titration-Injection microPump (TIP2k) operation mode by programming titration regimes (direct mode) and feedback mode in DatLab. The TIP2k status is shown in the control bar. Detailed information: MiPNet12.10 TIP2k Manual
TIP2k syringe blocked		When the TIP2k syringe is blocked, it must not be used with the TIP2k, and specific cleaning instructions should be followed.
TIP2k-Module		TIP2k-Module - Titration-Injection microPump (TIP2k) for two-channel operation with the O2k-FluoRespirometer with automatic control by DatLab of programmable titration regimes and feedback control (oxystat, pH-stat).
TIP2k-Needle Safety Support with cable guide		TIP2k-Needle Safety Support with cable guide: for safe storage of TIP2k-needles and MultiSensor Modules cables when not required during the experiment.
TIP2k-Needle Spacer		TIP2k-Needle Spacers for microinjection TIP2k needle, silicone stops (200/Pkg.) with mounting tool.
TMRM	TMRM	TMRM (tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester) is an extrinsic fluorophore used as a probe to determine changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. TMRM is a lipophilic cation that is accumulated in the mitochondrial matrix in proportion to Δψ_mt. Upon accumulation of the dye it exhibits a red shift in its absorption and fluorescence emission spectrum. The fluorescence intensity is quenched when the dye is accumulated in the mitochondrial matrix.
TPP ISE-Module		Oroboros TPP⁺ ISE-Module: Potentiometric ion-selective electrodes for measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential
Temperature plot empty		Problem: Layout "01 Calibration Exp. Gr3-Temp" is selected, a third plot is displayed on the screen but it remains empty (no plot is shown). Newer versions of DatLab include pre-installed layouts which do not recognize some channel designations from older O2k series.
Tetraphenylphosphonium	TPP⁺	Tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP⁺). A lipophilic molecular probe in conjunction with an ion selective electrode (ISE) for measuring the mitochondrial membrane potential.
Titration Set Upgrade		The Titration Set Upgrade consists of the new items of the Oroboros Titration Set for upgrading your original set (consisting only of Hamilton microsyringes). The upgrade consists of the Syringe Storage Box with Syringe Labels, a set of two Syringe Racks with Syringe Collars, and a set of two Tube Racks including tubes as well as an additional syringe (1 x 100 mm³).
Titration-Injection microPump		Titration-Injection microPump (TIP2k) for two-channel operation with the O2k with automatic control by DatLab of programmable titration regimes and feedback control (oxystat, pH-stat).
Toggle overlay - DatLab	F9	Toggle overlay toggles between a layout where the plots from chamber A and B are displayed in different graphs and a layout where identical plots for the two chambers are overlayed in the same graph (and vice versa). When the same plots of the two chambers are overlayed, chamber A is by default red and chamber B green, as are the marks set for each chamber. This function is very useful to compare the data obtained in the two chambers (e.g. control and treatment). This function is only available when chamber A and B display the same plots.
Toolbar - DatLab		The toolbar provides quick access to graphs and plots functions.
Trolley		Aluminium trolley (700x500x60 mm); carrying capacity 120 kg; incl. packing box; for transport of O2k. Discontinued
Troubleshooting: fluorescence module
Tube Racks		Tube Racks: stainless steel, accomodating four 50-ml tubes, for cleaning of microsyringes, cleaning and storage of stoppers during cleaning of the Oroboros Chambers; package of two (for a total of eight tubes).
USB-Cable 2.0\Type A-B		USB-Cable 2.0\Type A-B for connecting the Oroboros Main Unit (O2k-Series E upwards) to the USB port of a PC or laptop.
USB-RS232 Serial Adapter		USB-RS232 Serial Adapter, for connecting the RS232-Cable attached to the Oroboros Main Unit (Series A-D) to the USB port of the PC or laptop. This is not required for O2k-Series E, nor when using a PC or laptop with a serial RS232 port. Discontinued
Uncoupler titrations		In uncoupler titrations various uncouplers, such as CCCP, FCCP or DNP are applied to uncouple mitochondrial electron transfer from phosphorylation (ATP synthase, ANT and phosphate carrier), particularly with the aim to measure ET capacity. ET capacity is maximum oxygen flux measured as noncoupled respiration with optimum uncoupler concentration.
Uninterrupted power supply	UPS	A back-up power supply may be required to secure uninterrupted power supply.
Use fullscreen - DatLab	Ctrl+Shift+F	When selected, the software window maximizes, hiding the DatLab 8 title bar and the Windows or Linux taskbar, thereby filling the whole screen.
User - DatLab		DatLab 8: A user name has to be entered upon starting DatLab 8. DatLab 7: User - DatLab 7
V-ring\30-35-4.5 mm		V-ring\30-35-4.5 mm, mounted on Chamber-Holder.
Volume-Calibration Ring		Volume-Calibration Ring (A or B) PVDF for O2k-Stoppers (2-mL Oroboros Chamber), white; attached to the stoppers.
Volume-Calibration Ring sV		Volume-Calibration Ring sV (A or B), white PVDF, attached to Oroboros PEEK Stopper sV.
Zero O2 calibration	R0	Zero O₂ calibration is, together with air calibration, one of the two steps of the POS calibration. It is performed in the closed chamber after all the oxygen has been depleted by the addition of dithionite or by respiration of imt or cells. Any incubation medium can be used for zero calibration with dithionite or sample. Unlike air calibration, it is not necessary to perform a zero calibration on each experimental day. After performing a zero calibration, it is recommended not running other experiments on the same day. Even after standard cleaning of the O2k-chambers, there might be residual amounts of reduced dithionite in the chamber, affecting the oxygen flux in subsequent experiments performed on the same day.